As the major component of China's water consumption, the domestic water is the important index for evaluating water-saving cities. Based on the panel data of various provinces in China from 2004 to 2017, firstly, the Kaya identities are used to decompose the domestic water into four aspects: structural effect, technical effect, economic effect and population effect. Secondly, the LMDI method is used to explore the impact of the above four effects on the domestic water. Finally, the decoupling elastic index is introduced to further analyze the response relationship between the economic indices with the greatest degree of effects in LMDI and the domestic water. The results show that (1)The improvement of technology has promoted the decrease in the domestic water consumption, and the change of industrial structure, economic development and population expansion all have promoted an increase in the domestic water use. (2)Compared with that of the population and structural effects, the cumulative absolute value of the economic and technical effects is larger, that is to say, the economic and technical effects are the main driving factors for the domestic water use, while the population and structural effects are the auxiliary influencing factors. (3)From 2004 to 2017, the domestic water consumption and economic growth have achieved further decoupling relationship. The provinces with small population and lower economic development level have achieved higher decoupled degree, and those provinces with more abundant population, water resources and higher economic development level have achieved less decoupled degree.