Abstract:According to the characteristics of plain river network area, combined with the analysis of influencing factors and ways of groundwater pollution, a groundwater pollution risk assessment system including 3 parts and 16 indexes of groundwater intrinsic vulnerability, special vulnerability of surface water system and underground engineering, and pollution source load was established. A case study was carried out in Jinshan District of Shanghai. The results show that the vulnerability of groundwater in Jinshan District is relatively high, with the area of medium and above level reaching 449.80km2, accounting for 70. 67% of the area of the evaluation area, which is mainly caused by the superposition of intrinsic vulnerability and the special vulnerability of surface water system. The area below the medium level of groundwater pollution source load assessment reaches 555.44km2, accounting for 87. 27% of the total area. The main potential pollution sources are chemical industry parks and gas stations. The risk of groundwater pollution in Jinshan District is in a lower level. The area of the middle and below level is 553.38 km2, the area of the low level is 231.13km2, and the area of the high level is mainly concentrated in the south of Jinshan District, which is the result of the superposition of many factors, such as the high vulnerability of groundwater and the intensive industrial zones.