深循环地下水作用下红土与黄土成因研究
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P641

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国家自然科学基金(51578212);科技部国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB417005)


Study on formation mechanism of laterite and loess soils under action of deep groundwater circulation
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    摘要:

    通过研究阿拉善自流井区出现的红化地层,发现富含Fe2+的井水涌出地表后形成了Fe2O3胶膜,铁质胶膜吸附在土颗粒的表面形成了红土层,表明土壤红化作用可以与气候无关。在上地幔高导低速层中可能存在地下水的导水通道,玄武岩中的FeO、MgO中的Fe2+、Mg2+等被超临界水(supercritical water,SCW)萃取带出。深循环地下水维系了黄土高原风尘物的连续堆积,早期渗漏进入上地幔导水通道的地下水被加热成为SCW,被萃取带出地表的Fe2+与空气中的O2发生氧化反应生成Fe2O3胶膜,铁质胶膜吸附在风尘颗粒的表面形成红土。2.5 Ma以来,玄武岩导水通道温度降低到临界点以下,地下水的萃取作用大幅度减弱,风积土显示为黄色,表明黄土高原颜色的转变与气候变化无关。由于深海沉积物δ18O与全球冰量呈正相关,冰量与全球降水量呈负相关,而深循环地下水量与全球降水量呈正相关,由此可知,鄂尔多斯黄土沉积层碳酸盐与全氧化铁含量与深海δ18O呈高度负相关。

    Abstract:

    In the study of the red stratum surrounding artesian wells in the Alashan region, it was found that the well water rich in Fe2+gushed out of the surface and the Fe2O3 film was formed, and then the ferriferous film adsorbed on the surface of soil particles to generate the red soil stratum, indicating that soil reddening could be unrelated to climate change. In the upper mantle, there may be some groundwater channels in the high-conductivity and low-velocity layers. Fe2+, Mg2+, and other ions from FeO and MgO in the basalt were extracted by supercritical water(SCW)and flowed upward to the surface. The deep groundwater circulation maintained the aeolian dusts continuous deposits on the Loess Plateau. Groundwater that infiltrated into the upper mantle lithospheric channels in an early period was heated to generate SCW, and Fe2+ was extracted from magmatic rock and flowed out of the ground. Oxidation reaction occurred between Fe2+ and oxygen in the air, and the Fe2O3 film was formed. The ferriferous film adsorbed on the particles to generate the red soil stratum. Over the 2. 5 million years, the temperature of groundwater channels was lower than the supercritical water point, the extraction effect was greatly weakened, and the aeolian soil became yellow, indicating that there was no relationship between climate change and the change of color of the Loess plateau. In addition, the global ice volume was positively correlated with δ18O in deep sea sediments and negatively correlated with global precipitation, and the volume of deep groundwater circulation was positively correlated with global precipitation. Therefore, the contents of carbonate and total iron oxide in the loess deposits in Ordos had significantly negative correlation with δ18O in deep sea sediments.

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陈建生,王文凤.深循环地下水作用下红土与黄土成因研究[J].水资源保护,2017,33(3):1-7.(CHEN Jiansheng, WANG Wenfeng. Study on formation mechanism of laterite and loess soils under action of deep groundwater circulation[J]. Water Resources Protection,2017,33(3):1-7.(in Chinese))

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  • 收稿日期:2017-02-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-05-11
  • 出版日期: 2017-05-20