Aiming at the present situation that the definition of water resources carrying capacity is not uniform and the evaluation methods are various, the projection pursuit method and the industry technical outline method are used to evaluate the water resources carrying capacity of 11 counties and cities in Jining City, and the results are compared with those of other scholars using the principal component analysis method. The results show that the evaluation result of the projection pursuit method is certain potential, the evaluation result of the industry technical outline method is overloaded, and the evaluation result of the principal component analysis method is certain development potential. The reasons for the differences among the three methods include the differences in the selection of indicators, the weight of indicators and the data year. The main factors affecting the water resources carrying capacity in Jining City are the per capita water resources occupancy and the degree of groundwater exploitation and utilization.