It is a critical period to win the battle for poverty alleviation from now to 2020. It is of great significance to promote poverty alleviation based on the study of relocation willingness from the perspective of migrants. On the basis of microlevel theory of migration of population, including place utility theory, theory of planned behavior and value expectancy theory, this paper develops a conceptual framework of the willingness to voluntary relocation under government’s help. To verify the theoretical model, it builds an ordered Logit model and an optimal scale model after Confirmatory Factor Analysis is applied to. Results show that: ①Psychological factors, policy factors, expected benefit factors, as well as environmental factors significantly have impact on the willingness to relocation.②The control variables, including the number of family members, the proportion of nonagricultural and life events for study and marriage have significant correlations with the dependent variable.③The barriers to relocation are unemployment, high relocation costs, high living costs and adaption problems. It is then suggested that government should provide more supports for the migrants, such as relocation subsidy, employment placement, employment aid and adaptation support.