In the era of digital economy, the reorganization of global resources and the change of the global competition pattern have made the interaction between scientific financial technology and high-tech innovation industries increasingly evident. Financial capital, as a key factor to guide and support innovation, plays an important role in getting rid of the “low-end lock-in” dilemma of China’s high-tech industrial chain and in the process of high-tech technological innovation. Connecting financial capital to the industrial stage of high-tech development in a more targeted manner is conducive to improving the level of upgrading and development of high-tech industries. Based on the data of 11 provinces and municipalities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the development index of financial technology and high-tech innovation was established and the correlation analysis method was used to analyze the orderly relationship between financial technology and high-tech industry innovation. Stata panel data with regression model was constructed to analyze the supporting role of financial technology in different development stages of high-tech industries in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The research shows that financial technology and high-tech development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt appear synchronous growth, but the upstream, middle and downstream high-tech industries have significant differences in the demand for financial technology. After the high-tech industry in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt enters a period of rapid development, the supporting role of financial technology declines, and the market innovation of financial technology fails to meet the needs of the rapid development of the industry, and the channels of technology capitalization need to be further expanded. The development of high-tech industries in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt mainly relies on the support of public financial technology, while the support of market technology finance is not significant. It is necessary to further leverage the guiding role of government funds in social capital, increase innovation in technology and financial instruments, accurately allocate and implement policies, and promote the healthy and rapid development of high-tech industries.