All major pandemic diseases and epidemics have important characteristics such as a wide scope, crossregion, on a social and global scale. The control of pandemic diseases and epidemics in line with full factors and whole process needs to give full play to the function of modern digital technology of big data. Taking the full life cycle management of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) outbreak from beginning to the end of pandemic as a case, this paper discusses the application of big data in the whole process of epidemic prevention and control, [JP2]such as supporting continuous improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment, supporting virus tracing and analysis, supporting epidemiological investigation and diagnosis, accurate monitoring and judgment of epidemic situation, effective screening of epidemic situation, telemedicine diagnosis and treatment, accurate early warning of epidemic situation. It proposes the innovation and application of big data such as the comprehensive study and judgment of the situation, the building of a “six level” joint prevention and control system from the state to the community, scientific and precise social governance during the epidemic period, AI intelligent innovative medical products, intelligent medical industry and the socioeconomic recovery and development in the postepidemic period. The problems of data accuracy, data segmentation, data disclosure and insufficient privacy protection in the application of big data in the prevention and control of major epidemic diseases are pointed out. [JP]