Taking the resettlement of immigrants of Wushan County in the upstream of Three Gorges Reservoir area as an example, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of human resources development are analyzed by use of the SWOT model, and the corresponding measures are proposed. Combined with the author’s participation in a postsupport project of immigrants of Three Gorges Project, the relevant data are collected and analyzed through field interviews and questionnaires, indicating that the operating income and wage income of the immigrant families are smaller than those of the residents. Further analysis shows that the immigrants’ income in Wushan County is mainly from agriculture and nonagricultural work. However, due to their deficient farming land and skills, low cultural level and short means of livelihood, the immigrants’ effective employment rate is very low, and it follows that the immigrants are very prone to be relatively poor. The key to avoid all kinds of social risks for the immigrants is as follows: from the perspective of full development of human resources, the existing resources should be fully used to tap the potential of the human capital, skills training should be provided for the immigrants, and foreign investment should be introduced to the local specialty products so as to provide more jobs.