Based on the relevant economic data from 1981 to 2013, the dynamic relationship between the total power of agricultural machinery and exports of agricultural products in China is studied from the perspective of empirical analysis by using the method of vector autoregression model (VAR model). The results show that there exists mutual causality between the level of agricultural technology and exports of agricultural products in China, and it is suitable to establish VAR model. The analysis of impulse response and the analysis of variance show that the level of agricultural technology has a positive long-term effect on exports of agricultural products in China. Finally, some suggestions are put forward.