Abstract:To accurately describe the citizens' water literacy levels, strengthen the publicity education of water resources and improve the citizens' water literacy in China, an evaluation system for citizens' water literacy is designed based on scientific literacy and environmental literacy, which includes 3 first-level indexes of water knowledge, water attitude and water behavior, 10 second-level indexes and 29 third-level indexes. The analytic hierarchy process and the Likert scale are used to establish the weights of various levels of indexes and to design the questionnaire, and taking Beijing City as an example, the general analysis of the citizens' water literacy evaluation index system is performed. The results show that the water knowledge, water attitude and water behavior have a weight of 9. 14%, 21. 76% and 69. 10%, respectively. The scores of the water knowledge and water attitude scores are relatively high, while the score of the water behavior is relatively low, which indicates that the improvement task of the citizens' water literacy has a long way to go.