The allocation of water resources in river basinsin China is mainly from the perspective of the river basin manager to maximize the overall interests of the river basins. Owing to the ignorance of individual interests and willingness of consultation of water users in the river basins, the satisfaction degree of some water users is low, and the feasibility of the scheme is poor. Therefore, the satisfaction degree of water users with the water resource allocation scheme is defined as that of water usersand is quantified as the lowest satisfaction function and the coordination satisfaction function so as to provide a channel for the water users to participate in the decision-making of water resource allocation scheme. Finally, a reasonable allocation model for water resources in the river basinsis established based on the satisfaction criterion of water users. The demonstration study of Heihe River Basin is performed. It is shown that: (1)The model can meet the fairness of water resource allocation. (2)The coordination satisfaction of allocation schemes for each district in Heihe River Basin is proportional to the weight of each water resource allocation. (3)When the minimum satisfaction value is high, the water distribution fairness is more emphasized in the formulation of water distribution schemes by the watershed water resource management institutions. On the contrary, more emphasis is placed on the efficiency of water use, which is prone to severe water shortage in some regions, which affects the fairness of water distribution inHeihe River Basin, and it should be avoided.