In order to evaluate the feasibility of sustainable utilization of water resources in Yangtze River Delta, the total factor water efficiency(TFWE)index is established by using the Shephard water distance function and calculated by using the stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)technology. The TFWE of 26 cities in the Yangtze River Delta is visually evaluated by using the ARCGIS software. Then, the spatial change characteristics and rules of the TFWE in the decade from 2006 to 2015 are preliminarily explored using the exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA). The results show that the TFWE in the Yangtze River Delta has an increase tendency during the period from 2006 to 2015. In addition, the spatial distribution of the TFWE exhibits similar characteristics, indicating the existence of spatial agglomeration.