Taking 53 coastal cities in Eastern China as the research objects, this paper analyzed the land use pattern and change based on remote sensing images in 2010, 2015 and 2020, and the ecological risk level of coastal urban landscape was evaluated based on the landscape pattern. The results showed that the overall land use of coastal cities showed the macro pattern characteristics of multi-type mixed land area dominated by northern cultivation and southern forest, with cultivated land and forest land accounting for 40.71% and 34.47% of the total area, respectively. From 2010 to 2020, the change of land use in coastal cities has been mainly the decrease of cultivated land and the increase of construction land, the cultivated land area has decreased by 5 769.33.km², the construction land has increased by 3 907.29.km², the construction land has increased significantly in the coastal area and the surrounding areas of urban centers, the constructed wetlands in the coastal areas (especially Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay) have expanded significantly, and the water area has increased significantly. From 2010 to 2020, the ecological status of coastal cities was mainly low risk, accounting for 64.15% of the total number of cities, and the number of low-risk and medium-low risk cities was increasing. The ecological risk of coastal urban landscape shows a distribution pattern of high in the north and low in the south, with Hangzhou Bay as the boundary, and the ecological risk in the north is higher than that in the south.