Taking aim at the problems such as the presence of diverse management entities for basin control water conservancy projects, the lack of government oversight, and the inadequate coordination and supervision capabilities of basin management institutions, efforts to rationalize the management system of these projects are essential. Based on a thorough literature review, the study proposes a clear definition of basin controlled water conservancy projects, identifies and delineates a comprehensive project directory, establishes five specific criteria for provincial-level projects, and suggests specific measures to enhance the efficiency of basin controlled water conservancy project management. Drawing on both domestic and international experiences in establishing effective management systems for similar projects, this study aims to optimize the operation of these crucial projects and enhance overall water resource management practices. The results show that there are 22 basin controlled water conservancy projects in Guangdong Province, including the Xinfengjiang Reservoir. Among these, 15 projects are recommended to be incorporated into the provincial management of basin controlled water conservancy projects. It is essential to reinforce the management of basin controlled water conservancy projects according to the proposed management mode, which focuses on hierarchical management, coordinated scheduling, and integrated operation and maintenance.