The classification, principles, scope of application, and current research status of water resource valuation, pricing methods, and valuation approaches are systematically collated and analyzed, with the aim of helping policymakers and water resource managers to select and apply models to practical problems quickly. The analysis concludes that the research on the multiple values of water resources is still in the primary stage, and there is insufficient understanding of the various values of water resources. Most of the existing pricing studies start from a single perspective, which makes it difficult to comprehensively cover the social, market economic, and ecological conomy comprehensive value of water resources. At the same time, a single pricing method is not conducive to the realization of water-saving objectives. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the introduction of market mechanisms in water pricing reform through a more comprehensive multi-dimensional assessment of value, multi-angle price setting, and in-depth investigation of pricing methods, especially focusing on the slower development of comprehensive reform of agricultural water pricing, to achieve the sustainable use of water resources.