Field sampling survey was conducted in Weihe River Basin, and methods such as indicators of hydrologic alteration, comprehensive water quality identification index and index of biotic integrity were applied to analyze the status of hydrological, water quality and water ecology of Weihe River Basin. The results show that the hydrological regimes at Linjiacun, Weijiapu and Xianyang have been markedly altered, while those at Lintong and Huaxian have been moderately altered. The water quality of Weihe River Basin in wet seasons is better than that in dry seasons. Total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)are the primary pollution factors in Weihe River, while conductivity is primary one in the Jinghe River and Beiluohe River. The biotic integrity of fish and benthic macroinvertebrate in wet seasons differs slightly from that in dry seasons, while the biotic integrity of periphytic algae in wet seasons has great differences from that in dry seasons. According to the main problems of river health in Weihe River Basin, the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. Excessive development and utilization of water conservancy projects should be controlled and water storage and release of dams should be regulated reasonably. Sewage disposal plants should be set up on both sides of the rivers to intercept and dispose the drainage. And water quality should be monitored termly, in which TN, TP and conductivity should be focused on. The oil development intensity in Weihe River Basin should be controlled to reinstate riverbank belt and slope habitat, guaranteeing the normal habitat and reproduction of aquatic organisms.