In order to systematically evaluate the water ecological security in the Poyang Lake Basin，the water ecological footprint and water ecological carrying capacity were calculated based on the ecological footprint model. In addition，the ecological pressure of water resources was evaluated from the dimensions of water ecological surplus，water ecological footprint of GDP，and eco-economic coordination index. The results show that agricultural water resources ecological footprint is the main type of water ecological footprint in the study area，and Yichun City is the region with the most ecological footprint. All cities are in the state of an ecological surplus，while the water ecological carrying capacity in most areas decreased. Agricultural water and water pollution should be paid more attention to among the factors producing water ecological footprint. The water ecological footprint of GDP decreased year by year，and the eco-economic coordination of water resources in Pingxiang City and Ji’an City declined. All cities should aim for green development，pay attention to the consumption intensity of water resources，and ensure the sustainable use of water resources by establishing and improving the mechanism of agricultural water price，and continuously strengthening water environment management.