Abstract:To solve the problems of water resources shortage and ecological water occupation by irrigation in the Ulungur River Basin, using the domestic water, industrial water, irrigation water, river ecological base flow, and ecological water of river valley grassland and lake replenishment as the operation objectives, an operation scheme set to increase water sources and reduce water consumption was set up. An ecological optimal operation model of the reservoir group was established to minimize the ecological and socio-economic water shortage, and the man-machine dialogue simulation optimization algorithm was used to solve the model. The results show that the guarantee rates of water supply for river valley grassland and lake replenishment and in each water consumption reduction scheme can meet the design requirements and alleviate the contradiction between irrigation water and ecological water. The irrigation guarantee rates of the water demand schemes in 2017 and 2025 do not meet the design requirements. When the transferred water volume in the combined scheme of increasing water sources and reducing water consumption is more than 100 million m3, the water supply guarantee rate requirements of agricultural irrigation, river valley grassland and lake replenishment are met, and the contradiction between irrigation water and ecological water is eliminated. With the increase of the water diversion volume of more than 100 million m3, it has little effect on the water shortage and damage depth of river valley grassland and lake replenishment. It is recommended that 100 million m3 is the best water diversion volume.