Based on the daily precipitation data of Zhuhai City from 1981 to 2010 and CMADS China atmospheric assimilation driving data sets V1. 0 and V1. 1 from 2011 to 2018, the distribution frequency, chang trend and periodic characteristics of different levels of precipitation were analyzed by using Manner-Kendall test and wavelet analysis, and the time history assignment characteristics of 51 rainstorms and heavy rainstorms were analyzed according to the precipitation data with 0. 5h resolution of NASA GPM IMERG. The cause of formation was analyzed according to the type of urban land use and the change law of aerosol particles. The results show that from 1981 to 2018, the total precipitation in Xiangzhou urban area of Zhuhai City show a fluctuating and decreasing trend, with a decline rate of 65. 70mm every 10 years, mainly due to the reduction of heavy rain and rainstorm. The annual precipitation days and total precipitation have experienced four periodic oscillations of increase-decrease-increase-decrease-increase, and the main periods are about 25 years. The duration of the rainstorm is 4. 5-23 h, and the precipitation duration tends to increase. The probability of the occurrence time of the rainstorm peak is: night, morning, noon and afternoon. The increase of surface roughness caused by urbanization has a blocking effect on the moving rainfall system and has a certain impact on the growth of rain time in urban areas, and the occurrence time of rainstorm peak is related to the daily variation law of aerosol particles in the air.