Abstract:Based on the multi-scale input-output method, the three-scale embodied water intensity and embodied energy intensity of each sector in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were calculated, source-to-sink flow characteristics of embodied water and energy were analyzed, and the water-energy indirect consumption pressure indexes were constructed to quantitatively analyze the resource pressure caused by trade. The results show that the average embodied water intensities of the whole sectors in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei were 69. 90 m3/10 000 yuan, 68. 51 m3/10 000 yuan, and 103. 13 m3/10 000 yuan, respectively. The average embodied energy intensities of the whole sectors in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei were 28. 58 GJ/10 000 yuan, 22. 84 GJ/10 000 yuan, and 38. 29 GJ/10 000 yuan, respectively. Resource utilization efficiency was highest in Tianjin and lowest in Hebei. Limited by resource endowment conditions, Beijing and Tianjin tended to absorb raw products and final consumer products, and the decoupling development of their economy and resource benefited from the transfer of production of resource-intensive products to other provinces. Hebei provided a guarantee for the resource security in Beijing and Tianjin. The alleviating effect of embodied water trade on water pressure of each sector in Beijing and Tianjin was significantly stronger than that in Hebei, and the alleviating effect of embodied energy trade on energy pressure of each sector in Beijing was significantly stronger than that in Tianjin and Hebei. In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the impact of embodied water trade on energy pressure was significantly lower than the impact of embodied energy trade on water pressure, and the water consumption of energy plays a leading role in the energy-water nexus.