Abstract:According to the physical geography condition and economic development situation of Shanxi Province, water resources vulnerability assessment system was established from eight indexes based on three factors which could affect water resources vulnerability including natural, human and bearing capacity factors. The water resources vulnerability of 11 administrative cities in Shanxi Province from 2012 to 2018 were evaluated by entropy weight based fuzzy set pair method. The assessment results of fuzzy comprehensive method, grey relational analysis method and entropy weight based fuzzy set pair method were compared in 2018. The results indicate that Shanxi Province has the main problems of low water efficiency, groundwater overexploitation, water pollution, and soil erosion. The whole water resources vulnerability is at relatively fragile and serious fragile level. Its proposed that adjusting industrial structure, optimizing allocation of water resources, increasing the reclamation rate of wastewater and restoring vegetation could improve the water resources vulnerability condition of Shanxi Province.