Selecting 2000-2018 as the research period, taking Shihezi City, Manas County and Shawan County as the main research objects, the evolution characteristics of the current water structure of the Manas River Basin were summarized. The spatial matching degree of water resources in the basin was ananlyzed by information entropy theory, Gini coefficient and Lorentz curve. The results show that the total water consumption of the basin from 2000 showed an upward trend as a whole, and the water consumption increased by 11. 76%, with a small degree of overall change. The information entropy of the water use structure continued to increase overall. The water entropy of the watershed has increased from 0. 209 in 2000 to 0. 448 in 2018. The total amount of water used has been controlled to a certain extent. The balance of the water use system has also gradually increased. In general, water resources are more compatible with population and precipitation, relatively compatible with cultivated land, and less compatible with industrial output value. The difference in industrial water consumption among regions has increased. The spatial distribution of ecological water use has tended to be balanced. It is necessary to adjust the industrial economic structure, reduce the number of water-consuming enterprises, develop low-consumption aquaculture, make intensive use of water resources, pay attention to ecological protection, improve the water management mechanism, realizing the healthy development of economy and society in the basin.