The effects of material filling rate, vertical stress, amplitude of shear strain and other factors on the dynamic characteristics of single soilbag were studied by the cyclic shear test of single soilbag under the condition of variable shear strain amplitude using a large indoor shear system. The results showed that when the vertical stress is 80 kPa, the greater the material filling rate, the better the damping effect of the single soilbag. Considering the construction efficiency and other factors, it is suggested that 90% should be used as the optimal filling ratio of the single soilbag. When the vertical stress is greater, the dynamic shear modulus of the single soilbag is large and the greater the horizontal shear displacement amplitudes, the greater the damping ratio of the single soilbag. In other word, when the disturbance is small, the single soilbag has the ability to maintain its own stability, while the disturbance is large enough, the single soilbag uses its own flexibility to lift the damping and dissipates a large amount of vibration energy.