This paper sorted out the current situation of the variation of shield tunnel distance and introduced four typical long-distance shield-tunneling engineering examples. Combined with the typical engineering, five problems in the long-distance excavation, such as the cutter wear, shield tail sealing failure, pipeline wear, opening chamber in complex stratum and underground junction of shield, were systematically analyzed. The principle, technical process, application scope, advantages and disadvantages of main technologies in the long-distance excavation were summarized. The development of intelligent and rapid construction technology has also been prospected. It can provide some references for the formation of a systematic and standardized long-distance shield construction technology in the future.