Cite Space software was used to analyze the research hotspots and frontier technologies of carbon neutrality technologies in water conservancy industry from 2011 to 2021, summarize the history and development trend of low carbon technologies in water conservancy industry, clarify the key role of the application of low carbon technologies in water conservancy industry to promote the transformation and upgrading of national energy structure, and study the development of low carbon technologies in water conservancy industry for the advantages of reducing carbon sources and increasing carbon sinks. It is pointed out that the common supporting technology, integration technology and utilization technology for carbon neutrality in the water conservancy industry are the three major research hotspots in the future. This study also analyzes the frontier technology of water conservancy industry in the process of achieving the “3060” goal, and foresees the future development direction of low-carbon frontier technology in the water conservancy industry and the urgent problems that need to be solved.