In order to investigate the dynamic variations of parameters in the Xin’anjiang model and improve the model accuracy under changing conditions, a distributed Xin’anjiang model was implemented for the Dapoling Basin in the upper Huai River. The impact of changes in precipitation, temperature, and NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) on the dynamic patterns of the sensitive parameters KC, SM, and CS was analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The results indicate that the dynamic variations of parameters KC and SM reflect changes in precipitation, temperature, and vegetation coverage conditions in the study area, while the CS parameter only reflects changes in the total annual precipitation. Compared to static parameters, the simulation results with dynamic parameters exhibit a significant improvement in accuracy, with the mean relative error of runoff depth decreasing from 21.3% to 9.1% and mean Nash efficiency coefficient increasing from 0.75 to 0.81. This suggests that dynamic parameters are more suitable for the current changing climate than static parameters.