Research in China and abroad on the ultimate bearing capacity and long-term stability of an anchorage caisson foundation under a deep overburden layer is reviewed. The basic theories on and research methods applicable to the ultimate bearing capacity, short-term and long-term displacements, and stability of the anchorage caisson foundation are discussed. The research status and existing problems in this field are expounded in detail, and the focus of and trends in future research are also described.