This paper presents a review of literature related to project failures, variations of groundwater level, seepage characteristics of soil bodies, and mechanisms of seepage-induced consolidation during the reinforcement process under vacuum negative pressures. Although the seepage-induced vacuum consolidation method has been widely applied, theoretical study of the method lags far behind its practical application and still involves some disputes. Some key issues for future research regarding the method are presented, including new technology for measurement of groundwater levels under negative pressures, mechanisms of seepage-induced consolidation of soil, the effective transmission range of the vacuum degree, and the variation regularity of the zero-pressure surface.