The content and distribution of nitrate and ammonium in the unsaturated soil were analyzed in this study, considering four kinds of typical planting patterns on both sides of the agricultural irrigation area of Kuihe River in Tongshan District of Xuzhou City. The analysis results of the soil leaching liquor, which was obtained from the situ soil sample, show that the content of nitrate vary from 3. 8 to 128. 1 mg/kg with an average of 33. 0 mg/kg and the content of ammonium vary from 2. 3 to 5. 7 mg/kg with an average of 3. 8 mg/kg. The annual fertilization and sewage irrigation is the main source of nitrogen in the unsaturated soil. Meanwhile, the distribution of nitrogen in the soil is controlled by the condition of fertilization and irrigation for different planting patterns. Furthermore, the nitrogen is recharged by the surface irrigation and fertilizer, and mainly migrates in the direction of down-gradient of soil column. The ammonium is absorbed in the process of infiltration and as a general rule, the content of ammonium is related to the number of clay particles. However, the content of ammonium is still at a high level in the planting area of rice and cabbage with annual irrigation, even though the number of clay particles is small near the soil surface.