The thermal conductivity of municipal solid waste(MSW)is the basis of heat accumulation and migration in landfill, but it is lack of researches on the MSW thermal conductivity at present. Therefore, the thermal conductivity under different influence factors, which are water content, void ratio and mass fraction of organic matter, was carried out by the transient method in this study. The research results show that the coefficient of MSW thermal conductivity increases with the increase of saturation degree, while it decreases with the increase of void ratio under a same content of organic component. What’s more, the coefficient of thermal conductivity decreases with the increase of organic content when the void ratio is constant. When the degree of saturation increases from the dry state to the residual degree of saturation, the thermal conductivity coefficient increases quickly. Then, as the saturation continually increases, the conductivity coefficient increases steadily.