Three aquatic plants, Foxtail algae, Hyacinth and Water lily, were collected from natural wetlands, and the bacterial community attached to the surface of each plant was analyzed by the high-throughput sequencing. The seasonal succession of bacterial community structure was explored, and the influence of environmental factors on the change of community was also analyzed. The results show that: (a)Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the main bacteria adhering to these aquatic plants. The community structure of bacteria adhering to the surface of the three aquatic plants was similar at the phylum level, while the abundance and succession characteristics were different at the generic level, which are mainly related to the plant stem and leaf area, the plant secretion and the photosynthetic intensity. (b)At the generic level, the seasonal succession of bacterial community attached to three aquatic plants is a spontaneous process with a certain direction, which is not limited by the external single factor and is the affected result of host plant and external water environment. (c)Through the cluster analysis, it was found that the effect of environmental change on the community structure of attached bacteria was higher than that of plant species. CCA analysis of environmental factors showed that temperature, pH and TN were the main factors affecting the succession of attached bacterial community of aquatic plants.