To reveal the temporal and spatial distribution of nonpoint source nitrogen and phosphorus loss in the Luanhe River Basin above the Panjiakou reservoir, this study selected the Panjiakou Reservoir basin as the research watershed, adopted the SWAT model and SUFI2 algorithm, and simulated the change of nonpoint source nitrogen and phosphorus loss in different hydrological years, based on the measured hydrological and water quality data. The results show that the total nitrogen load in a wet year is 1.68 times of that in a normal year, and 2.12 times of that in a dry year. Meanwhile, the total phosphorus load in a wet year is 1.52 times of that in a normal water year and 2.21 times of that in a dry year. In spatial distribution, the descending order of total nitrogen and phosphorus emissions is cultivated land, forest land, grassland, and wasteland. Further analysis of the correlation reveals that the sediment production is an important driving factor of the spatial distribution of pollution load for the nonpoint source pollution.