Based on the water balance relationship and hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis, combined with the hydrogeology condition and tectonic geological structure condition, it is found that the groundwater in basalts of Arshan is recharged by exogenous water, and the recharge source area may be the Tibetan Plateau. The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio of the river and lake water in the Arshan indicates that the strontium in the groundwater comes from the basalt. It is inferred that the groundwater conduiting channel is a continuous basaltic conduit. The low-viscosity alkaline basaltic lava flows form continuous contraction joints during the cooling process, and finally evolve into a pipeline conduiting channel. The leakage water of the Tibet Plateau is rapidly drained to the eastern region through the lava pipeline and the thickening of the mantle lithosphere in the west may be related to the inter basin recharge of groundwater.