From the perspective of economic development, environmental protection and social progress, the evaluation index set of urban green development is preliminary selected. A scientific and comprehensive index system for the urban green development level is established by using the methods of R-cluster and coefficient of variation and quantitatively selecting the index set. The central concept of the social network analysis method is used to establish the evaluation model, and the level of green development in the major cities along Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2016 and the individual strength in various fields are analyzed. The results show that there are great regional differences in the green development of cities along Yangtze River Economic Belt. The comparative analysis is carried out from three dimensions of general evaluation, gradient distribution and spatial distribution, and the characteristics of each city are distinct. Finally, some policy suggestions are put forward.