In order to further improve the effectiveness and stability of the watershed ecological compensation mechanism in Central and Western China, using the extended emergy model to calculate the watershed ecological compensation standard, constructing a two-dimensional mechanism classification framework to refine the mechanism type, determining the compensation amounts of the watershed government and its superior government according to the compensator's compensation willingness,and taking the Xinzhou section-Taiyuan section of the Fen River Basin as an example to confirm the feasibility of the mechanism.The results show that the uncoordinated mode of economic development and the complex and diverse ecological environment of large watershed in central and western China have increased the difficulty of local watershed ecological protection. The compensation standard should focus on ecological value, and special funds should be established as soon as possible under the compensation mechanism of watershed governments compensation and higher-level governments making-up to reasonably distribute the compensation amount, so as to ensure the effective implementation of the watershed ecological compensation policy.