The fine management mode of water conservancy project operation has important significance and practical value in improving the modernization of operation management in water conservancy project and meeting the requirements of high-quality economic and social development in the new era. Based on the theoretical framework analysis of the elements of fine management in water conservancy project, the implementation paths and promotion measures for the operation management of water conservancy project in Jiangsu Province are systematically sorted out, and the benefits and effectiveness achieved in terms of economy, society, ecology and safety are evaluated. Through the implementation of the fine management of water conservancy project operation, the safety situation of water conservancy project in Jiangsu Province has been significantly improved, the operation management has become more standardized, the management quality has been constantly emerging, the management level has been comprehensively improved, the project benefits have been fully played, and huge economic, social, ecological and security benefits have been achieved.