Most view articles
2020, 38(1):1-7.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.001
Abstract:
Based on the theory of virtual water trade, the status of the virtual water trade of agricultural product between China and the countries along “Belt and Road” during the period from 2007 to 2016 is analyzed. The relevant influencing factors are analyzed by using the extended gravity model. The results show that from 2007 to 2016, the virtual water volume of agricultural products trade between China and the countries along “Belt and Road” is a deficit, and the average annual net import volume is 11. 789 billion m3. Among the influencing factors for the virtual water trade of agricultural products between China and the countries along “Belt and Road”, the most significant positive driving factors are infrastructure construction, exchange rate level, entry to WTO and regional integration process, and the most important reverse ones are geographic distance and tariff level. China has the positive advantages of agricultural labor.
Based on the theory of virtual water trade, the status of the virtual water trade of agricultural product between China and the countries along “Belt and Road” during the period from 2007 to 2016 is analyzed. The relevant influencing factors are analyzed by using the extended gravity model. The results show that from 2007 to 2016, the virtual water volume of agricultural products trade between China and the countries along “Belt and Road” is a deficit, and the average annual net import volume is 11. 789 billion m3. Among the influencing factors for the virtual water trade of agricultural products between China and the countries along “Belt and Road”, the most significant positive driving factors are infrastructure construction, exchange rate level, entry to WTO and regional integration process, and the most important reverse ones are geographic distance and tariff level. China has the positive advantages of agricultural labor.
2020, 38(2):1-6.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.02.001
Abstract:
The construction and management of national water parks is an important part of realizing water ecological civilization and beautiful China. The protection of national water parks requires an assessment of their non-market economic values(use values and non-use values). Based on the single-bound and double-bound dichotomous contingent valuation method techniques, the use values and non-use values of Yimenghu National Water Park are quantitatively evaluated. Four econometric models containing logistic, log-logistic, normal and log-normal are applied through questionnaire data. The results showed that: (1)The Yimenghu National Water Park is of high use values and non-use values. (2)The evaluated results of log-logistic and log-normal econometric models are more reliable in the double-bound dichotomous CVM technique. (3)The respondents are willing to participate in protection in the form of donations to non-profit organizations. The assessment achievements are helpful for the cost-benefit analysis of the protection and sustainable management policies of water parks.
The construction and management of national water parks is an important part of realizing water ecological civilization and beautiful China. The protection of national water parks requires an assessment of their non-market economic values(use values and non-use values). Based on the single-bound and double-bound dichotomous contingent valuation method techniques, the use values and non-use values of Yimenghu National Water Park are quantitatively evaluated. Four econometric models containing logistic, log-logistic, normal and log-normal are applied through questionnaire data. The results showed that: (1)The Yimenghu National Water Park is of high use values and non-use values. (2)The evaluated results of log-logistic and log-normal econometric models are more reliable in the double-bound dichotomous CVM technique. (3)The respondents are willing to participate in protection in the form of donations to non-profit organizations. The assessment achievements are helpful for the cost-benefit analysis of the protection and sustainable management policies of water parks.
2020, 38(1):36-41.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.006
Abstract:
Based on the LMDI method of aggregate of the sum of polynomial multiplication and vector form, the decomposition framework of population-residential consumption-water intensity in the process of urbanization is established, and the factors influencing the water consumption from 2003 to 2016 are analyzed. The research shows that expansion and urbanization of population positively promote the growth of water consumption, and the effect of the former is stronger than that of the latter. The improvement of residents' consumption level is the absolute leading factor driving the growth of water consumption. The optimization and upgrading of residential consumption structure and the increase of residential consumption rate can effectively suppress the consumption of water resources, and the effect of the former is more significant. The decline in water consumption is mainly due to the advancement of industrial technology. The growth of households' water consumption mainly comes from the effect of water intensity of life. It is further pointed out that we should reasonably control the size and movement of population, accelerate the optimization and upgrading of residents' consumption structure, focus on strengthening the innovation of industrial technology, deepen the potential of agricultural water-saving efficiency, and enhance residential consumption rate to achieve relative water saving under the given economic scale.
Based on the LMDI method of aggregate of the sum of polynomial multiplication and vector form, the decomposition framework of population-residential consumption-water intensity in the process of urbanization is established, and the factors influencing the water consumption from 2003 to 2016 are analyzed. The research shows that expansion and urbanization of population positively promote the growth of water consumption, and the effect of the former is stronger than that of the latter. The improvement of residents' consumption level is the absolute leading factor driving the growth of water consumption. The optimization and upgrading of residential consumption structure and the increase of residential consumption rate can effectively suppress the consumption of water resources, and the effect of the former is more significant. The decline in water consumption is mainly due to the advancement of industrial technology. The growth of households' water consumption mainly comes from the effect of water intensity of life. It is further pointed out that we should reasonably control the size and movement of population, accelerate the optimization and upgrading of residents' consumption structure, focus on strengthening the innovation of industrial technology, deepen the potential of agricultural water-saving efficiency, and enhance residential consumption rate to achieve relative water saving under the given economic scale.
2020, 38(1):29-35.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.005
Abstract:
In order to explore its application benefits, an evaluation index system for the application benefit of BIM in hydraulic engineering is established from the perspectives of economy, resources and energy, technology and management on the basis of literature reading. Firstly, using the SEM idea, a questionnaire survey is used to conduct the confirmatory factor analysis of the evaluation system, and thus the index weights are obtained accordingly. Secondly, an evaluation model for the application benefits of BIM in hydraulic engineering is established by using the cloud matter-element theory. Finally, a case study of a water conservancy project in Guangxi Province is carried out. The results show that the level of application benefits of BIM is Grade 3 with good benefits. Accordingly, the relevant suggestions are put forward to promote the further development of BIM in hydraulic engineering.
In order to explore its application benefits, an evaluation index system for the application benefit of BIM in hydraulic engineering is established from the perspectives of economy, resources and energy, technology and management on the basis of literature reading. Firstly, using the SEM idea, a questionnaire survey is used to conduct the confirmatory factor analysis of the evaluation system, and thus the index weights are obtained accordingly. Secondly, an evaluation model for the application benefits of BIM in hydraulic engineering is established by using the cloud matter-element theory. Finally, a case study of a water conservancy project in Guangxi Province is carried out. The results show that the level of application benefits of BIM is Grade 3 with good benefits. Accordingly, the relevant suggestions are put forward to promote the further development of BIM in hydraulic engineering.
2020, 38(1):14-20.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.003
Abstract:
From the demand of balance sheet compilation and asset management of water resources, the limitation of the current balance sheet compilation of water resources is discussed by regarding the regions as the subject. On this basis, according to the water administrative system in China, from the three levels of state(water conservancy project management departments, rivers and river basins), regions and enterprises, the multiple subjects of balance sheet compilation of water resources are studied. The roles of different subjects in compiling balance sheet of water resources are analyzed from the aspects of reflecting the development and management objectives of water resource assets, revealing the relationship between supply and demand of water resource assets, improving the level of water resource assets, and making decision of regional future industrial planning and development. This study is conducive to further promoting the preparation of the balance sheet of water resources, meeting the needs of improving the management level of water resource assets, improving the national economic accounting system, introducing the outgoing audit of natural resource assets of leading cadres and ecological civilization construction.
From the demand of balance sheet compilation and asset management of water resources, the limitation of the current balance sheet compilation of water resources is discussed by regarding the regions as the subject. On this basis, according to the water administrative system in China, from the three levels of state(water conservancy project management departments, rivers and river basins), regions and enterprises, the multiple subjects of balance sheet compilation of water resources are studied. The roles of different subjects in compiling balance sheet of water resources are analyzed from the aspects of reflecting the development and management objectives of water resource assets, revealing the relationship between supply and demand of water resource assets, improving the level of water resource assets, and making decision of regional future industrial planning and development. This study is conducive to further promoting the preparation of the balance sheet of water resources, meeting the needs of improving the management level of water resource assets, improving the national economic accounting system, introducing the outgoing audit of natural resource assets of leading cadres and ecological civilization construction.
2020, 38(1):49-53.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.008
Abstract:
By analyzing the process of agricultural water price reform in China, the stakeholders involved in the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price are divided into four categories of influencers, bearers, implementers of agricultural water price and managers of farmland water conservancy facilities based on the stakeholder theory. Their powers and interests are analyzed to clarify the intrinsic relationship among the stakeholders in the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price. It is pug forward that the influencers of agricultural water price will help to improve the bearers' cooperation by improving the reform environment. The cooperation between them will help to optimize the interests of both parties. The operational efficiency of implementers of agricultural water price and managers of farmland water conservancy has an important regulatory effect on the interests of influencers and bearers of agricultural water price, but the operational efficiency requires a certain amount of financial support. Finally, some reasonable suggestions for the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price in China are given.
By analyzing the process of agricultural water price reform in China, the stakeholders involved in the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price are divided into four categories of influencers, bearers, implementers of agricultural water price and managers of farmland water conservancy facilities based on the stakeholder theory. Their powers and interests are analyzed to clarify the intrinsic relationship among the stakeholders in the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price. It is pug forward that the influencers of agricultural water price will help to improve the bearers' cooperation by improving the reform environment. The cooperation between them will help to optimize the interests of both parties. The operational efficiency of implementers of agricultural water price and managers of farmland water conservancy has an important regulatory effect on the interests of influencers and bearers of agricultural water price, but the operational efficiency requires a certain amount of financial support. Finally, some reasonable suggestions for the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price in China are given.
2020, 38(1):54-60.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.009
Abstract:
Based on the SBM-DEA model with effective efficiency frontier(optimistic)and inefficiency frontier(pessimistic), the agricultural water use efficiency of China's 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2003 to 2017 is evaluated, and the Tobit model is used to analyze its influencing factors. The results show that the optimistic efficiency of China's agricultural water use has a small increase trend, and the pessimistic efficiency exhibits a decrease-increase-decrease-increase trend. The overall efficiency is not high. The difference in water use efficiency between different agricultural water zones is small. The high agricultural water use area has the highest agricultural water use efficiency, the middle agricultural water use area has the middle agricultural water use efficiency, and the low agricultural water use area has the lowest agricultural water use efficiency. The proportion of the value added of the primary industry in the regional GDP, the water-saving irrigation technology and the total storage capacity of reservoirs significantly positively correlate with the agricultural water use efficiency. While the endowment of water resources and regional education level significantly negatively correlate with the agricultural water use efficiency.
Based on the SBM-DEA model with effective efficiency frontier(optimistic)and inefficiency frontier(pessimistic), the agricultural water use efficiency of China's 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2003 to 2017 is evaluated, and the Tobit model is used to analyze its influencing factors. The results show that the optimistic efficiency of China's agricultural water use has a small increase trend, and the pessimistic efficiency exhibits a decrease-increase-decrease-increase trend. The overall efficiency is not high. The difference in water use efficiency between different agricultural water zones is small. The high agricultural water use area has the highest agricultural water use efficiency, the middle agricultural water use area has the middle agricultural water use efficiency, and the low agricultural water use area has the lowest agricultural water use efficiency. The proportion of the value added of the primary industry in the regional GDP, the water-saving irrigation technology and the total storage capacity of reservoirs significantly positively correlate with the agricultural water use efficiency. While the endowment of water resources and regional education level significantly negatively correlate with the agricultural water use efficiency.
2020, 38(1):42-48.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.007
Abstract:
Based on the establishment of trans-logarithmic production function of agriculture which includes investment in farmland water conservancy, the stochastic frontier approach is used to calculate the total factor productivity of agriculture in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)of China from 1996 to 2015. The spatial characteristics of the total factor productivity of agriculture and the influences of investment in farmland water conservancy are analyzed. The results show that the growth of the total factor productivity in China generally has an increasing trend. The horizontal and vertical analyses shows that the growth has regional property and regional agglomeration. The influences of investment in farmland water conservancy infrastructure on the total factor productivity of agriculture are positive, and they have weak spillover effect. Among them, the direct, indirect and total effects are 0. 2865, 0. 0574 and 0. 3439, respectively.
Based on the establishment of trans-logarithmic production function of agriculture which includes investment in farmland water conservancy, the stochastic frontier approach is used to calculate the total factor productivity of agriculture in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)of China from 1996 to 2015. The spatial characteristics of the total factor productivity of agriculture and the influences of investment in farmland water conservancy are analyzed. The results show that the growth of the total factor productivity in China generally has an increasing trend. The horizontal and vertical analyses shows that the growth has regional property and regional agglomeration. The influences of investment in farmland water conservancy infrastructure on the total factor productivity of agriculture are positive, and they have weak spillover effect. Among them, the direct, indirect and total effects are 0. 2865, 0. 0574 and 0. 3439, respectively.
2020, 38(1):21-28.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.004
Abstract:
The water resources are the important natural resources to maintain human life and social development. The balance sheet of water resources is an important component of the balance sheet of the natural resources. The compilation of the balance sheet of water resources is conducive to timely grasping the dynamic change of occupancy, use, consumption, recovery and value-added of water resource assets in economic and social development. A framework for accounting the balance sheet of water resources is established based on the concepts of assets and liabilities of water resources. It is of great significance to the compilation of balance sheet of water resources in a watershed.
The water resources are the important natural resources to maintain human life and social development. The balance sheet of water resources is an important component of the balance sheet of the natural resources. The compilation of the balance sheet of water resources is conducive to timely grasping the dynamic change of occupancy, use, consumption, recovery and value-added of water resource assets in economic and social development. A framework for accounting the balance sheet of water resources is established based on the concepts of assets and liabilities of water resources. It is of great significance to the compilation of balance sheet of water resources in a watershed.
2020, 38(1):8-13.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.002
Abstract:
Based on the provincial panel data of the mainland China from 2000 to 2015, a threshold model is established to explore the relationship among industrial structure, technological progress and industrial wastewater discharge. The results show that: The influences of characteristics of the industrial structure on the industrial wastewater discharge are restricted by the double threshold effects of the technological progress, and when the technological progress is higher than the second threshold, the increase of the industrial economic proportion is no longer dependent on a greater increase in the industrial wastewater discharge. As a threshold variable, the technological progress in different regions of China has significant differences. The technological progress in the eastern, central and western regions has a decrease trend. The other influencing factors such as population size, output level and opening degree all play significant positive roles in promoting the industrial wastewater discharge, while the technological progress inhibits the industrial wastewater discharge. On this basis, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward so as to reduce the level of regional industrial wastewater discharge and realize the goal of green development of industrial economy: improving the scientific and technological innovation system, increasing the investment in scientific and technological research and development, and constructing the compensation mechanism of trans-regional ecological technology.
Based on the provincial panel data of the mainland China from 2000 to 2015, a threshold model is established to explore the relationship among industrial structure, technological progress and industrial wastewater discharge. The results show that: The influences of characteristics of the industrial structure on the industrial wastewater discharge are restricted by the double threshold effects of the technological progress, and when the technological progress is higher than the second threshold, the increase of the industrial economic proportion is no longer dependent on a greater increase in the industrial wastewater discharge. As a threshold variable, the technological progress in different regions of China has significant differences. The technological progress in the eastern, central and western regions has a decrease trend. The other influencing factors such as population size, output level and opening degree all play significant positive roles in promoting the industrial wastewater discharge, while the technological progress inhibits the industrial wastewater discharge. On this basis, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward so as to reduce the level of regional industrial wastewater discharge and realize the goal of green development of industrial economy: improving the scientific and technological innovation system, increasing the investment in scientific and technological research and development, and constructing the compensation mechanism of trans-regional ecological technology.
2020, 38(3):1-6.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.03.001
Abstract:
The remaining 30 provinces of China except Tibet are divided into three parts, east, middle and west based on the SBM model and the ML index. The static and dynamic changes of green efficiency of water resources are analyzed, and the Theil index is used to analyze the spatial distribution differences of green efficiency of utilization of water resources among various provinces. The results show that: (1)The green efficiency of utilization of water resources in China varies from province to province, indicating a slow rising trend. The green efficiency of utilization of water resources in different regions shows a pattern of in the east>middle>west. (2)The technological progress index is the main factor affecting the efficiency of water resource. (3)The difference in green efficiency of utilization of water resources among various regions is much higher than that within the regions, and the eastern part has the largest contribution rate.
The remaining 30 provinces of China except Tibet are divided into three parts, east, middle and west based on the SBM model and the ML index. The static and dynamic changes of green efficiency of water resources are analyzed, and the Theil index is used to analyze the spatial distribution differences of green efficiency of utilization of water resources among various provinces. The results show that: (1)The green efficiency of utilization of water resources in China varies from province to province, indicating a slow rising trend. The green efficiency of utilization of water resources in different regions shows a pattern of in the east>middle>west. (2)The technological progress index is the main factor affecting the efficiency of water resource. (3)The difference in green efficiency of utilization of water resources among various regions is much higher than that within the regions, and the eastern part has the largest contribution rate.
2020, 38(1):61-67.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.010
Abstract:
Taking Suzhou City and Suqian City as examples, the dynamic changes and obstacles of the carrying capacity of the transfer and receiving regions of water environment during the industrial transfer process are discussed based on the TOPSIS method of Vague sets so as to provide theoretical guidance. The study shows that with the advancement of industrial transfer, the carrying capacities of water environment in Suzhou City and Suqian City have an increasing trend and have achieved a win-win relationship. Although the overall carrying capacity of water environment in Suzhou Sity is higher than that of Suqian City, the increase rate is significantly smaller. In terms of the obstacles, the main obstacles in Suzhou City are concentrated in the resource subsystem and environmental subsystem, while those in Suqian City are concentrated in the economic subsystem and resource subsystem, which need to be optimized and improved.
Taking Suzhou City and Suqian City as examples, the dynamic changes and obstacles of the carrying capacity of the transfer and receiving regions of water environment during the industrial transfer process are discussed based on the TOPSIS method of Vague sets so as to provide theoretical guidance. The study shows that with the advancement of industrial transfer, the carrying capacities of water environment in Suzhou City and Suqian City have an increasing trend and have achieved a win-win relationship. Although the overall carrying capacity of water environment in Suzhou Sity is higher than that of Suqian City, the increase rate is significantly smaller. In terms of the obstacles, the main obstacles in Suzhou City are concentrated in the resource subsystem and environmental subsystem, while those in Suqian City are concentrated in the economic subsystem and resource subsystem, which need to be optimized and improved.
2020, 38(4):1-7.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.04.001
Abstract:
In the background of the protection of Yangtze River, realizing high-efficient development of green ecology should be taken as part of the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Therefore, focusing on the evaluation and improvement of hydropower energy efficiency in Yangtze River and comprehensively considering social, economic and environmental factors, an input-output index system is established. Based on the hydropower-related panel data of the various provinces along Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017, the DEA method is used to evaluate the hydropower energy efficiency of each region. The results show that the hydropower energy efficiency of Yangtze River Economic Belt is at high level as a whole, and Jiangsu Province and Hubei Province are the “benchmarking” regions. The index efficient score of the urban agglomeration in the middle and upper reaches of Yangtze River is generally high. Different provinces have different energy efficiency improvement directions, that is, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province should reduce the investment in human capital, while Anhui Province and Jiangxi Province should increase the equipment utilization hours of the installed hydropower, and Chongqing Municipality and Guizhou Province firstly should develop local economy with high quality and improve the rate of return of the fixed asset investment. Some suggestions are put forward: development of hydropower with high quality, rigid constraint of water resources, establishment of green hydropower certification system, improvement of investment subsidy system, optimization of the balance between supply and demand, and training of high-level talents.
In the background of the protection of Yangtze River, realizing high-efficient development of green ecology should be taken as part of the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Therefore, focusing on the evaluation and improvement of hydropower energy efficiency in Yangtze River and comprehensively considering social, economic and environmental factors, an input-output index system is established. Based on the hydropower-related panel data of the various provinces along Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017, the DEA method is used to evaluate the hydropower energy efficiency of each region. The results show that the hydropower energy efficiency of Yangtze River Economic Belt is at high level as a whole, and Jiangsu Province and Hubei Province are the “benchmarking” regions. The index efficient score of the urban agglomeration in the middle and upper reaches of Yangtze River is generally high. Different provinces have different energy efficiency improvement directions, that is, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province should reduce the investment in human capital, while Anhui Province and Jiangxi Province should increase the equipment utilization hours of the installed hydropower, and Chongqing Municipality and Guizhou Province firstly should develop local economy with high quality and improve the rate of return of the fixed asset investment. Some suggestions are put forward: development of hydropower with high quality, rigid constraint of water resources, establishment of green hydropower certification system, improvement of investment subsidy system, optimization of the balance between supply and demand, and training of high-level talents.
2021, 39(1):1-5.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2021.01.001
Abstract:
Based on the mechanism of environmental regulation on the transformation of manufacturing industry under the innovation-driven background, the intermediary effect of innovation on the relationship between environmental regulation and manufacturing industry transformation is empirically studied using the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2005 to 2016. The results show that the effect of environmental regulation on the transformation of manufacturing industry has a double threshold effect under the innovation-driven background. In different ranges of innovation-driven background, the effect of environmental regulation on transformation of manufacturing industry has different directions and degrees. Therefore, attention should be paid to the synergy of innovation-driven background and environmental regulation, and the environmental regulation policies should be formulated according to local conditions. Simultaneously, the following measures should be taken to realize the transformation of manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt: rational allocation of fixed assets, increase of investment in education, guidance for the direction of financial expenditure, strict examination of the threshold of foreign investment access, and introduction of advanced technology.
Based on the mechanism of environmental regulation on the transformation of manufacturing industry under the innovation-driven background, the intermediary effect of innovation on the relationship between environmental regulation and manufacturing industry transformation is empirically studied using the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2005 to 2016. The results show that the effect of environmental regulation on the transformation of manufacturing industry has a double threshold effect under the innovation-driven background. In different ranges of innovation-driven background, the effect of environmental regulation on transformation of manufacturing industry has different directions and degrees. Therefore, attention should be paid to the synergy of innovation-driven background and environmental regulation, and the environmental regulation policies should be formulated according to local conditions. Simultaneously, the following measures should be taken to realize the transformation of manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt: rational allocation of fixed assets, increase of investment in education, guidance for the direction of financial expenditure, strict examination of the threshold of foreign investment access, and introduction of advanced technology.
2015, 33(2):24-27.
DOI: 10. 3880/ j. issn. 1003 9511. 2015. 02. 006
Abstract:
Based on the analysis of the current situation of agricultural water use in Xinjiang UygurAutonomous Region, the utilization efficiency of irrigation water is analyzed by establishing the Gini coefficient method. It is indicated that the distribution of agricultural irrigation water is rational, but its utilization efficiency is low. The improvement of utilization efficiencyof agricultural irrigation water can promote water-saving capacity. The analysis of improvement potential of utilization efficiency of irrigation water in different regions shows that the differences of water-saving potential in various regions in XinjiangUygurAutonomous Region are significant, and the utilization efficiency of agricultural irrigation water has great improvement potential.
Based on the analysis of the current situation of agricultural water use in Xinjiang UygurAutonomous Region, the utilization efficiency of irrigation water is analyzed by establishing the Gini coefficient method. It is indicated that the distribution of agricultural irrigation water is rational, but its utilization efficiency is low. The improvement of utilization efficiencyof agricultural irrigation water can promote water-saving capacity. The analysis of improvement potential of utilization efficiency of irrigation water in different regions shows that the differences of water-saving potential in various regions in XinjiangUygurAutonomous Region are significant, and the utilization efficiency of agricultural irrigation water has great improvement potential.
2015, 33(3):32-36.
DOI: 10. 3880/ j. issn. 1003 9511. 2015. 03. 008
Abstract:
As agricultural water pricing reform pilots in China continue to expand, it is required to establish an effective, rational and practical performance evaluation system of agricultural water pricing reform and the objective evaluation methods. Accordingly, it may scientifically and objectively reflect the achievements and shortcomings of the reform of the agricultural water pricing reform pilots so as to provide a reference for its development. For this reason, a performance evaluation system for agricultural water pricing reform and the relevant entropy weight and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model are established. The model uses the entropy method to determine the weight vectors of evaluation indexes and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of performance to comprehensively quantify the fuzziness, complexity and uncertainty of the agricultural water pricing reform, and then yields the evaluation results. The model is used in the example of the performance evaluation of agricultural water price reform in Hunan Province. The results show that the proposed model is rational and feasible. It can comprehensively and objectively reflect the effectiveness and insufficiency of the agricultural water pricing reform, and it is of certain application value in practice.
As agricultural water pricing reform pilots in China continue to expand, it is required to establish an effective, rational and practical performance evaluation system of agricultural water pricing reform and the objective evaluation methods. Accordingly, it may scientifically and objectively reflect the achievements and shortcomings of the reform of the agricultural water pricing reform pilots so as to provide a reference for its development. For this reason, a performance evaluation system for agricultural water pricing reform and the relevant entropy weight and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model are established. The model uses the entropy method to determine the weight vectors of evaluation indexes and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of performance to comprehensively quantify the fuzziness, complexity and uncertainty of the agricultural water pricing reform, and then yields the evaluation results. The model is used in the example of the performance evaluation of agricultural water price reform in Hunan Province. The results show that the proposed model is rational and feasible. It can comprehensively and objectively reflect the effectiveness and insufficiency of the agricultural water pricing reform, and it is of certain application value in practice.
2015, 33(2):69-74.
DOI: 10. 3880/ j. issn. 1003 9511. 2015. 02. 017
Abstract:
The development of water conservancy scenic spots (WCSS) in China has a trend of industrial agglomeration effect. However, there exits serious government regulation (GR) phenomenon. Taking the national WCSS as an example, the GR factor is added into the SCP analysis of industrial organization theory, and the R-SCP analysis method is deduced to analyze the development status of WCSS industry in China from four aspects of GR, market structure, enterprise conduct and market performance. Some conclusions are drawn as follows: ( 1 ) GR has positive and negative effects on the market structure, enterprise conduct and market performance; (2) the positive effects of GR can realize the orderly development of WCSS resources, improve the market concentration, reduce the malignant price competition and promote the effective resource configuration; ( 3 ) the negative effects of GR is that the enterprise conduct can also break through the GR, leading to the decline of the market performance.
The development of water conservancy scenic spots (WCSS) in China has a trend of industrial agglomeration effect. However, there exits serious government regulation (GR) phenomenon. Taking the national WCSS as an example, the GR factor is added into the SCP analysis of industrial organization theory, and the R-SCP analysis method is deduced to analyze the development status of WCSS industry in China from four aspects of GR, market structure, enterprise conduct and market performance. Some conclusions are drawn as follows: ( 1 ) GR has positive and negative effects on the market structure, enterprise conduct and market performance; (2) the positive effects of GR can realize the orderly development of WCSS resources, improve the market concentration, reduce the malignant price competition and promote the effective resource configuration; ( 3 ) the negative effects of GR is that the enterprise conduct can also break through the GR, leading to the decline of the market performance.
2015, 33(2):48-50.
DOI: 10. 3880/ j. issn. 1003 9511. 2015. 02. 011
Abstract:
The world is facing serious water crisis. The seawater desalination, as a technology which can produce freshwater from seawater, has become an important method to solve water crisis in coastal areas and islands. The seawater desalination industry in China has accumulated foundation and experience for output of the seawater desalination technology and possessed the capacity and advantage to go global for years of development. The foundation of seawater desalination technology and industry and the development status of international cooperation in China are summarized, and some suggestions are put forward for further promotion of the progress of international cooperation of seawater desalination.
The world is facing serious water crisis. The seawater desalination, as a technology which can produce freshwater from seawater, has become an important method to solve water crisis in coastal areas and islands. The seawater desalination industry in China has accumulated foundation and experience for output of the seawater desalination technology and possessed the capacity and advantage to go global for years of development. The foundation of seawater desalination technology and industry and the development status of international cooperation in China are summarized, and some suggestions are put forward for further promotion of the progress of international cooperation of seawater desalination.
2015, 33(5):53-56.
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2015.05.012
Abstract:
Based on Nam Lik 1-2 Hydropower Station in Laos, the political, economic, policy and institutional characteristics of overseas projects at various stages of project initiation, reliability analysis, negotiation, approval, financing construction and operation are analyzed. Some measures are put forward as follows: risk prediction and mitigation should be highlighted in overseas investment projects, favorable policies should be fully used, satisfactory relationship with government and cooperative partners should be established and good brand should be constructed. Accordingly, it may provide useful reference for planning, financing, construction and operation of overseas investment projects.
Based on Nam Lik 1-2 Hydropower Station in Laos, the political, economic, policy and institutional characteristics of overseas projects at various stages of project initiation, reliability analysis, negotiation, approval, financing construction and operation are analyzed. Some measures are put forward as follows: risk prediction and mitigation should be highlighted in overseas investment projects, favorable policies should be fully used, satisfactory relationship with government and cooperative partners should be established and good brand should be constructed. Accordingly, it may provide useful reference for planning, financing, construction and operation of overseas investment projects.
2015, 33(2):32-36.
DOI: 10. 3880/ j. issn. 1003 9511. 2015. 02. 008
Abstract:
The political risk considerations are critical to overseas investment projects. The Myitsone Hydropower Project, as one of the overseas investment projects of China's hydropower enterprises, is definitely representative. The political risk factors for the delay of the Myitsone Hydropower Project involve multiple levels: lack of rational political risk assessment systems, lack of awareness of public relations, deficiency of process risk assessment, lack of sensitivity to the local culture and public opinions, and lack of independence of enterprises and risk sharing consciousness. Through the analysis of the case, the countermeasures for the political risk of the overseas hydropower projects using China's investment are investigated from the dual perspectives of government and enterprises.
The political risk considerations are critical to overseas investment projects. The Myitsone Hydropower Project, as one of the overseas investment projects of China's hydropower enterprises, is definitely representative. The political risk factors for the delay of the Myitsone Hydropower Project involve multiple levels: lack of rational political risk assessment systems, lack of awareness of public relations, deficiency of process risk assessment, lack of sensitivity to the local culture and public opinions, and lack of independence of enterprises and risk sharing consciousness. Through the analysis of the case, the countermeasures for the political risk of the overseas hydropower projects using China's investment are investigated from the dual perspectives of government and enterprises.
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