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2026,44(3):1-8
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.001
Abstract:
Water conservancy modernization is an important component of Chinese modernization, and the two show inherent consistency in strategic goals, value orientations, and practical logic. A deep understanding and systematic advancement of water conservancy modernization in the new era are of great theoretical and practical significance for consolidating the foundation of national water security and supporting high-quality economic and social development. From the holistic perspective of Chinese modernization, this paper systematically elucidates the core essence of water conservancy modernization in the new era and its alignment with Chinese modernization, including multi-objective synergy, people-oriented approach, systematic governance, and technological integration. It dialectically analyzes four major relationships that need to be coordinated in advancing water conservancy modernization, including the relationship between high-quality development and high-level security, between high-quality development and high-level protection, between traditional water conservancy functions and modern governance capabilities, and between near-term tasks and mid-to-long term planning. Taking Shaoxing City as a case study, this paper analyzes the implementation pathways for advancing water conservancy modernization based on its “Four Lets” water governance philosophy, “Four Types of Rivers and Lakes” construction direction, “Three Major Supports” development strategies, and “Five-Systems” implementation framework. The results show that the essence of water conservancy modernization in the new era is highly consistent with the five characteristics of Chinese modernization, and the four major relationships to be coordinated in the process of promoting water conservancy modernization are not isolated from each other but form an interdependent and dynamically balanced organic whole. The practice of Shaoxing’s “14435” strategic framework validates the promotion logic of “concept guidance-direction orientation-system guarantee”, offering a referential municipal model for exploring water conservancy modernization at the regional level.
Water conservancy modernization is an important component of Chinese modernization, and the two show inherent consistency in strategic goals, value orientations, and practical logic. A deep understanding and systematic advancement of water conservancy modernization in the new era are of great theoretical and practical significance for consolidating the foundation of national water security and supporting high-quality economic and social development. From the holistic perspective of Chinese modernization, this paper systematically elucidates the core essence of water conservancy modernization in the new era and its alignment with Chinese modernization, including multi-objective synergy, people-oriented approach, systematic governance, and technological integration. It dialectically analyzes four major relationships that need to be coordinated in advancing water conservancy modernization, including the relationship between high-quality development and high-level security, between high-quality development and high-level protection, between traditional water conservancy functions and modern governance capabilities, and between near-term tasks and mid-to-long term planning. Taking Shaoxing City as a case study, this paper analyzes the implementation pathways for advancing water conservancy modernization based on its “Four Lets” water governance philosophy, “Four Types of Rivers and Lakes” construction direction, “Three Major Supports” development strategies, and “Five-Systems” implementation framework. The results show that the essence of water conservancy modernization in the new era is highly consistent with the five characteristics of Chinese modernization, and the four major relationships to be coordinated in the process of promoting water conservancy modernization are not isolated from each other but form an interdependent and dynamically balanced organic whole. The practice of Shaoxing’s “14435” strategic framework validates the promotion logic of “concept guidance-direction orientation-system guarantee”, offering a referential municipal model for exploring water conservancy modernization at the regional level.
2026,44(3):9-18
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.002
Abstract:
The Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China has established the status of water withdrawal rights as usufructuary rights, providing a legal basis for their transformation into mortgageable financial assets. However, given the contradiction between the dynamic nature of administrative control and the stability of financial assets in the mortgage financing of water withdrawal rights as immovable property, financial institutions still face the dilemma of “dare not lend” in practice. Taking the “Hubei Model” as a case study, this paper analyzes the bottlenecks in this kind of financing in the evolution from confirmation and access to risk management and control by combining the previous experience of its standardized confirmation and registration system and the coordination mechanism of “government-enterprise-bank”. This paper finds that the current Model is subject to macro institutional constraints, and there are bottlenecks in value assessment, ownership stability, risk quantification, and mortgage realization. Given the above bottlenecks, this study constructs an optimization path compatible with public law constraints and financial risk control: locking value through the income method that internalizes positive externalities, supplemented by binary registration and subrogation compensation rules to stabilize mortgage expectations; the risk pricing model based on hydrological probability is utilized to quantify physical risks stemming from water resource randomness. In the stage of mortgage realization, asset exit channels are facilitated by leveraging secondary markets and storage-and-purchase mechanisms.
The Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China has established the status of water withdrawal rights as usufructuary rights, providing a legal basis for their transformation into mortgageable financial assets. However, given the contradiction between the dynamic nature of administrative control and the stability of financial assets in the mortgage financing of water withdrawal rights as immovable property, financial institutions still face the dilemma of “dare not lend” in practice. Taking the “Hubei Model” as a case study, this paper analyzes the bottlenecks in this kind of financing in the evolution from confirmation and access to risk management and control by combining the previous experience of its standardized confirmation and registration system and the coordination mechanism of “government-enterprise-bank”. This paper finds that the current Model is subject to macro institutional constraints, and there are bottlenecks in value assessment, ownership stability, risk quantification, and mortgage realization. Given the above bottlenecks, this study constructs an optimization path compatible with public law constraints and financial risk control: locking value through the income method that internalizes positive externalities, supplemented by binary registration and subrogation compensation rules to stabilize mortgage expectations; the risk pricing model based on hydrological probability is utilized to quantify physical risks stemming from water resource randomness. In the stage of mortgage realization, asset exit channels are facilitated by leveraging secondary markets and storage-and-purchase mechanisms.
2026,44(3):19-27
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.003
Abstract:
Precise accounting of ecological assets plays a fundamental role in facilitating interregional ecological compensation and advancing green development practices. By adopting the entire aquatic ecosystem as the compilation object and incorporating the value of aquatic products and aquatic ecosystem services into the measurement scope, this study explores the development of a water ecological balance sheet. Using relevant data from Changzhou from 2022 to 2023 as a sample, the application of the regional water ecological balance sheet is validated. The study reveals: Establishing a capital reserve account creates interlinkages between balance sheet items, forming a “Chango Table-Master Table” reporting system that enables systematic monitoring and dynamic assessment of regional water ecological assets, liabilities, and equity. The compilation principles of “quantifying physical quantities before monetary values, and classifying before synthesizing” can effectively reflect the adaptability of local governments’ water ecological policy management. The compilation method clearly reveals changes in Changzhou’s water ecological asset structure and their driving factors. It accurately captures resource and environmental shifts under Changzhou’s water ecological policy interventions, thereby providing reliable evidence for evaluating ecological protection policy effectiveness and supporting water ecological management decisions.
Precise accounting of ecological assets plays a fundamental role in facilitating interregional ecological compensation and advancing green development practices. By adopting the entire aquatic ecosystem as the compilation object and incorporating the value of aquatic products and aquatic ecosystem services into the measurement scope, this study explores the development of a water ecological balance sheet. Using relevant data from Changzhou from 2022 to 2023 as a sample, the application of the regional water ecological balance sheet is validated. The study reveals: Establishing a capital reserve account creates interlinkages between balance sheet items, forming a “Chango Table-Master Table” reporting system that enables systematic monitoring and dynamic assessment of regional water ecological assets, liabilities, and equity. The compilation principles of “quantifying physical quantities before monetary values, and classifying before synthesizing” can effectively reflect the adaptability of local governments’ water ecological policy management. The compilation method clearly reveals changes in Changzhou’s water ecological asset structure and their driving factors. It accurately captures resource and environmental shifts under Changzhou’s water ecological policy interventions, thereby providing reliable evidence for evaluating ecological protection policy effectiveness and supporting water ecological management decisions.
2026,44(3):28-36, 54
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.004
Abstract:
Enhancing the efficiency of the port cluster in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is of great significance for regional economic integration and the establishment of the “dual circulation” new development pattern. Based on the super SBM model, this paper measures the efficiency of 11 ports in the Greater Bay Area from 2010 to 2023. It comprehensively employs kernel density estimation, standard deviation ellipse, and the Tobit model to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and influencing factors. The results indicate that, the overall efficiency of the port cluster in the Greater Bay Area shows a fluctuating upward trend, with significant heterogeneity in efficiency changes among individual ports. The efficiency value among ports is obviously stratified, forming a coexistence relationship of competition and cooperation. In terms of the time evolution, the kernel density curve shifts to the right, the main peak flattens, and the number of wave peak evolves from three peaks to four peaks. In terms of the spatial evolution, the center of gravity of the standard deviation ellipse moves to the northwest, the distribution tends to be discrete from concentration, the azimuth first moves counterclockwise and then clockwise, and the oblateness first rises and then decreases. In terms of the influencing factors, industrial structure, port functions, and technological innovation have a significant positive effect on the efficiency of the port cluster, while the degree of opening up has a significant negative effect.
Enhancing the efficiency of the port cluster in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is of great significance for regional economic integration and the establishment of the “dual circulation” new development pattern. Based on the super SBM model, this paper measures the efficiency of 11 ports in the Greater Bay Area from 2010 to 2023. It comprehensively employs kernel density estimation, standard deviation ellipse, and the Tobit model to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and influencing factors. The results indicate that, the overall efficiency of the port cluster in the Greater Bay Area shows a fluctuating upward trend, with significant heterogeneity in efficiency changes among individual ports. The efficiency value among ports is obviously stratified, forming a coexistence relationship of competition and cooperation. In terms of the time evolution, the kernel density curve shifts to the right, the main peak flattens, and the number of wave peak evolves from three peaks to four peaks. In terms of the spatial evolution, the center of gravity of the standard deviation ellipse moves to the northwest, the distribution tends to be discrete from concentration, the azimuth first moves counterclockwise and then clockwise, and the oblateness first rises and then decreases. In terms of the influencing factors, industrial structure, port functions, and technological innovation have a significant positive effect on the efficiency of the port cluster, while the degree of opening up has a significant negative effect.
2026,44(3):37-46
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.005
Abstract:
Based on the multi-regional input-output model, industrial transfer and carbon transfer implied by trade between different regions and provinces driven by domestic demand and export in 2012, 2015 and 2017 in China are measured respectively, and the connection and difference between the two spatial transfer paths are compared and analyzed. The results show that the inter-regional industrial transfer and carbon transfer implied by trade driven by domestic demand and export all showed a spatial pattern from coastal regions to inland regions and from south to north; the inter-provincial industrial transfer and carbon transfer implied by trade driven by domestic demand and export mainly showed a spatial pattern from economically developed coastal provinces to economically less developed inland provinces, from south to north; whether driven by domestic demand or export, industrial transfer and carbon transfer paths are similar but not completely consistent. This study can provide a theoretical basis for guiding the rational transfer of industries and carbon emissions implied by trade.
Based on the multi-regional input-output model, industrial transfer and carbon transfer implied by trade between different regions and provinces driven by domestic demand and export in 2012, 2015 and 2017 in China are measured respectively, and the connection and difference between the two spatial transfer paths are compared and analyzed. The results show that the inter-regional industrial transfer and carbon transfer implied by trade driven by domestic demand and export all showed a spatial pattern from coastal regions to inland regions and from south to north; the inter-provincial industrial transfer and carbon transfer implied by trade driven by domestic demand and export mainly showed a spatial pattern from economically developed coastal provinces to economically less developed inland provinces, from south to north; whether driven by domestic demand or export, industrial transfer and carbon transfer paths are similar but not completely consistent. This study can provide a theoretical basis for guiding the rational transfer of industries and carbon emissions implied by trade.
2026,44(3):47-54
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.006
Abstract:
Reclaimed water, serving as a crucial non-conventional water resource, is of great importance in alleviating the structural imbalance between regional water supply and demand, as well as promoting sustainable utilization and optimized allocation of water resources. Against the complex backdrop of escalating global water scarcity, increasing impacts of climate change, and rapid urbanization, advancing the diversified utilization of reclaimed water in a systematic and large-scale manner has become a topic of widespread concern across society and a prominent challenge in the current practice of integrated water resources management and sustainable governance. This paper systematically analyzes the basic connotation and main characteristics of reclaimed water utilization, profoundly explores its utilization status and influencing factors, and summarizes the practical overview and experience of reclaimed water utilization in China and abroad. Based on the practical dilemmas and bottlenecks in the reclaimed water utilization in China, this paper points out that the promotion and utilization of reclaimed water in China still faces multiple challenges, including the need for optimization in the construction and spatial layout of wastewater treatment and reuse facilities, insufficient governmental publicity and guidance, limited public awareness, inadequate maturity of utilization technologies, and an imperfect water pricing mechanism. In response, it is recommended that innovative research and localized applications of reclaimed water be systematically advanced across four dimensions: utilization mode and layout planning, resource allocation and risk prevention and control, water pricing system and market-oriented utilization, as well as incentive policies and guarantee mechanisms, aiming to transition from a “supplementary water source” to a “strategic water source”, thereby providing solid support for water resources security and sustainable development in China.
Reclaimed water, serving as a crucial non-conventional water resource, is of great importance in alleviating the structural imbalance between regional water supply and demand, as well as promoting sustainable utilization and optimized allocation of water resources. Against the complex backdrop of escalating global water scarcity, increasing impacts of climate change, and rapid urbanization, advancing the diversified utilization of reclaimed water in a systematic and large-scale manner has become a topic of widespread concern across society and a prominent challenge in the current practice of integrated water resources management and sustainable governance. This paper systematically analyzes the basic connotation and main characteristics of reclaimed water utilization, profoundly explores its utilization status and influencing factors, and summarizes the practical overview and experience of reclaimed water utilization in China and abroad. Based on the practical dilemmas and bottlenecks in the reclaimed water utilization in China, this paper points out that the promotion and utilization of reclaimed water in China still faces multiple challenges, including the need for optimization in the construction and spatial layout of wastewater treatment and reuse facilities, insufficient governmental publicity and guidance, limited public awareness, inadequate maturity of utilization technologies, and an imperfect water pricing mechanism. In response, it is recommended that innovative research and localized applications of reclaimed water be systematically advanced across four dimensions: utilization mode and layout planning, resource allocation and risk prevention and control, water pricing system and market-oriented utilization, as well as incentive policies and guarantee mechanisms, aiming to transition from a “supplementary water source” to a “strategic water source”, thereby providing solid support for water resources security and sustainable development in China.
2026,44(3):55-63
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.007
Abstract:
Scientific water resource management policies must account for multiple uncertainties, including natural inflows, socio-economic development, and ecological water demands. However, traditional approaches to water resource management policy formulation often fail to capture the complex dynamic feedback inherent in water systems, thereby reducing the foresight and scientific robustness of policy decisions. Policy simulation technology, as a quantitative tool capable of representing complex system behaviors and conducting scenario analysis, provides a new analytical approach for water resource management policy formulation. Nevertheless, further development is needed in cross-system modeling that couples water resources systems with economic-social systems. This study systematically reviews the development and major methodological approaches of policy simulation technology, including the computable general equilibrium model, system dynamics model, and agent-based model. It further analyzes its applications and limitations in the formulation of water resources management policies, and proposes a theoretical framework for water resources management policy simulation model by coupling professional hydrological models with policy simulation models. It further elaborates the specific application paths of policy simulation technology in the formulation of water resources management policies under the background of national water network construction and the principle of “Water Dominates Development”, providing a basis for developing region-specific and category-based precision control strategies.
Scientific water resource management policies must account for multiple uncertainties, including natural inflows, socio-economic development, and ecological water demands. However, traditional approaches to water resource management policy formulation often fail to capture the complex dynamic feedback inherent in water systems, thereby reducing the foresight and scientific robustness of policy decisions. Policy simulation technology, as a quantitative tool capable of representing complex system behaviors and conducting scenario analysis, provides a new analytical approach for water resource management policy formulation. Nevertheless, further development is needed in cross-system modeling that couples water resources systems with economic-social systems. This study systematically reviews the development and major methodological approaches of policy simulation technology, including the computable general equilibrium model, system dynamics model, and agent-based model. It further analyzes its applications and limitations in the formulation of water resources management policies, and proposes a theoretical framework for water resources management policy simulation model by coupling professional hydrological models with policy simulation models. It further elaborates the specific application paths of policy simulation technology in the formulation of water resources management policies under the background of national water network construction and the principle of “Water Dominates Development”, providing a basis for developing region-specific and category-based precision control strategies.
2026,44(3):64-72, 81
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.008
Abstract:
This paper identifies the stakeholders involved in hydropower development within the Lancang-Mekong River Basin. Using game-theory analysis, it examines the challenges facing the current communication and coordination mechanisms for hydropower development in the basin and proposes measures for improvement. This paper suggests that it is necessary to rely on the existing cooperation mechanism for water resources in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin, to take project cooperation as the core driving force, and to foster synergistic collaboration among the government, enterprises, international organizations, and society. Through various channels and diverse forms, a comprehensive and multi-level communication and coordination mechanism for all stakeholders in the hydropower development in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin should be constructed.
This paper identifies the stakeholders involved in hydropower development within the Lancang-Mekong River Basin. Using game-theory analysis, it examines the challenges facing the current communication and coordination mechanisms for hydropower development in the basin and proposes measures for improvement. This paper suggests that it is necessary to rely on the existing cooperation mechanism for water resources in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin, to take project cooperation as the core driving force, and to foster synergistic collaboration among the government, enterprises, international organizations, and society. Through various channels and diverse forms, a comprehensive and multi-level communication and coordination mechanism for all stakeholders in the hydropower development in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin should be constructed.
2026,44(3):73-81
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.009
Abstract:
To address renewable energy output fluctuations and enhance power system flexibility, a multi-energy complementary system integrating wind power, photovoltaic generation, pumped storage hydropower and electrochemical energy storage is constructed.A month-level development scheduling method for pumped storage is proposed, which incorporates the development, construction and commissioning timing of pumped storage sites into the decision-making framework.By comprehensively considering annual investment limits, power load demand, wind-solar output fluctuations and storage capacity enhancement, a long-term, month-scale capacity allocation model for pumped storage stations is formulated.Results from a typical regional case study demonstrate that the proposed model achieves dynamic and fine-grained allocation of pumped storage capacity across different months, significantly improving resource utilization efficiency and reducing wind and solar curtailment.
To address renewable energy output fluctuations and enhance power system flexibility, a multi-energy complementary system integrating wind power, photovoltaic generation, pumped storage hydropower and electrochemical energy storage is constructed.A month-level development scheduling method for pumped storage is proposed, which incorporates the development, construction and commissioning timing of pumped storage sites into the decision-making framework.By comprehensively considering annual investment limits, power load demand, wind-solar output fluctuations and storage capacity enhancement, a long-term, month-scale capacity allocation model for pumped storage stations is formulated.Results from a typical regional case study demonstrate that the proposed model achieves dynamic and fine-grained allocation of pumped storage capacity across different months, significantly improving resource utilization efficiency and reducing wind and solar curtailment.
2026,44(3):82-89
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.010
Abstract:
To improve the construction safety level of water conservancy projects and carry out research on construction safety resilience, this paper proposes a safety resilience evaluation method integrating intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and Bayesian network model. From the three dimensions of absorptive capacity, recovery capacity and adaptive capacity, the influencing factors of construction safety resilience of water conservancy projects are identified. The interpretive structural model is adopted to analyze the hierarchical relationship among resilience influencing factors and construct the topological framework of Bayesian network. The D-S evidence theory is used to transform experts’ intuitive fuzzy linguistic evaluation results into probability parameters of network nodes. The topological framework of Bayesian network is applied to carry out forward reasoning calculation of resilience, the dominant path chain of resilience is analyzed combined with backward reasoning, and the key influencing factors of resilience are identified through sensitivity analysis.Taking the Comprehensive Regulation Project of the Lower Reaches and Tailwaters of the Ganjiang and Fuhe Rivers as a case study, the construction safety resilience is evaluated. The results show that the probability of high safety resilience of the project construction system reaches 71.74%, reflecting an overall good level of construction safety resilience. The dominant resilience path chain is safety organization and management structure-emergency response plan-emergency disposal capacity-resilience, and the safety monitoring system together with emergency response plan serve as the key influencing factors.
To improve the construction safety level of water conservancy projects and carry out research on construction safety resilience, this paper proposes a safety resilience evaluation method integrating intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and Bayesian network model. From the three dimensions of absorptive capacity, recovery capacity and adaptive capacity, the influencing factors of construction safety resilience of water conservancy projects are identified. The interpretive structural model is adopted to analyze the hierarchical relationship among resilience influencing factors and construct the topological framework of Bayesian network. The D-S evidence theory is used to transform experts’ intuitive fuzzy linguistic evaluation results into probability parameters of network nodes. The topological framework of Bayesian network is applied to carry out forward reasoning calculation of resilience, the dominant path chain of resilience is analyzed combined with backward reasoning, and the key influencing factors of resilience are identified through sensitivity analysis.Taking the Comprehensive Regulation Project of the Lower Reaches and Tailwaters of the Ganjiang and Fuhe Rivers as a case study, the construction safety resilience is evaluated. The results show that the probability of high safety resilience of the project construction system reaches 71.74%, reflecting an overall good level of construction safety resilience. The dominant resilience path chain is safety organization and management structure-emergency response plan-emergency disposal capacity-resilience, and the safety monitoring system together with emergency response plan serve as the key influencing factors.
2026,44(3):90-97
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.011
Abstract:
Targeting the hub project of multi-branched rivers in Ganjiang River estuary, this study conducts researches on technical schemes including dam site selection, ship lock and sluice layout. An evaluation index system containing 14 indicators is established from three dimensions namely economic benefit, ecological protection benefit and social benefit. Representative stakeholders including government construction departments, ecological and environmental protection departments, local communities and construction enterprises are selected. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted to determine subjective weights, and the Shapley value method is used to introduce game theory mechanism for combined weighting. Meanwhile, the entropy weight method is applied to calculate objective weights, and the effects of various subjective and objective weighting methods are compared. Finally, the TOPSIS method is used to optimize all alternative schemes. The research results show that stakeholders have obvious differences in indicator preference. Governments and enterprises pay more attention to economic benefits, environmental protection departments focus on ecological protection benefits, while communities prioritize social benefits. Game based weighting can effectively balance the demands of all parties. Combined with objective weights, the overall weight distribution becomes more balanced, which improves the fairness and objectivity of evaluation results. The comparison results indicate that the discrepancy among schemes mainly depends on the coverage scope of layout units and the convergence degree of external constraints. Layout schemes such as sluice on the south branch, ship lock on the middle branch and dam site on the north branch have close comprehensive scores due to fewer involved indicators and similar indicator values, while distinct differences exist among other schemes.
Targeting the hub project of multi-branched rivers in Ganjiang River estuary, this study conducts researches on technical schemes including dam site selection, ship lock and sluice layout. An evaluation index system containing 14 indicators is established from three dimensions namely economic benefit, ecological protection benefit and social benefit. Representative stakeholders including government construction departments, ecological and environmental protection departments, local communities and construction enterprises are selected. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted to determine subjective weights, and the Shapley value method is used to introduce game theory mechanism for combined weighting. Meanwhile, the entropy weight method is applied to calculate objective weights, and the effects of various subjective and objective weighting methods are compared. Finally, the TOPSIS method is used to optimize all alternative schemes. The research results show that stakeholders have obvious differences in indicator preference. Governments and enterprises pay more attention to economic benefits, environmental protection departments focus on ecological protection benefits, while communities prioritize social benefits. Game based weighting can effectively balance the demands of all parties. Combined with objective weights, the overall weight distribution becomes more balanced, which improves the fairness and objectivity of evaluation results. The comparison results indicate that the discrepancy among schemes mainly depends on the coverage scope of layout units and the convergence degree of external constraints. Layout schemes such as sluice on the south branch, ship lock on the middle branch and dam site on the north branch have close comprehensive scores due to fewer involved indicators and similar indicator values, while distinct differences exist among other schemes.
2026,44(3):98-106
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.012
Abstract:
With the increasing emphasis of the state on water conservancy projects, the management model of major water conservancy projects is facing new challenges. Given their huge investment scale, long construction period, and high technical complexity, an effective project management model can ensure project quality, progress, and social benefits. Taking the G River regulation project as a case study, this paper constructs an evaluation index system and objectively assigns weights using the CRITIC method. Secondly, through improved TOPSIS decision-making model, combined with the analysis of the virtual worst solution and grey relational degree, a multi-dimensional evaluation is carried out for eight combination schemes, such as “contract awarding method + owner management method”. The results show that “EPC multi-bid section + whole-process consultation” mode performs better in terms of resource integration efficiency, risk diversification ability, and construction period control. Compared with the traditional“EPC single-bid section + whole-process consultation”mode, it improves the management efficiency, verifying the advantages of the collaboration between multi-bid section contract awarding and whole-process consultation.
With the increasing emphasis of the state on water conservancy projects, the management model of major water conservancy projects is facing new challenges. Given their huge investment scale, long construction period, and high technical complexity, an effective project management model can ensure project quality, progress, and social benefits. Taking the G River regulation project as a case study, this paper constructs an evaluation index system and objectively assigns weights using the CRITIC method. Secondly, through improved TOPSIS decision-making model, combined with the analysis of the virtual worst solution and grey relational degree, a multi-dimensional evaluation is carried out for eight combination schemes, such as “contract awarding method + owner management method”. The results show that “EPC multi-bid section + whole-process consultation” mode performs better in terms of resource integration efficiency, risk diversification ability, and construction period control. Compared with the traditional“EPC single-bid section + whole-process consultation”mode, it improves the management efficiency, verifying the advantages of the collaboration between multi-bid section contract awarding and whole-process consultation.
2026,44(3):107-114
DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2026.03.013
Abstract:
To promote engineering science and technology innovation, break through the“bottleneck”key technologies, and accelerate the transformation of scientific research achievements into practical applications, China urgently needs to strengthen the collaborative cooperation among innovative entities such as the government, enterprises, universities, and research institutions, and carry out the reform of engineering project organization models.The science and technology general contracting model proposed by the team led by Academician Tang Hongwu provides a new organizational approach to accelerate engineering science and technology innovation.From the perspective of an innovation ecosystem, this paper analyzes and applies this model.It first summarizes the three major characteristics:subject diversity, interest integration, and innovation efficiency, and then reveals the evolutionary logic from school-enterprise cooperation to industry-university-research collaborative innovation and further to an innovation ecosystem, and elaborates on the roles of various innovation entities and the operational mechanisms within the science and technology general contracting innovation ecosystem.The results of the case study on tail reach project of the Ganjiang River show that the science and technology general contracting model can effectively integrate multiple resources, improve innovation efficiency, promote engineering excellence, and achieve a virtuous cycle of engineering technology, scientific research, and talent cultivation, providing a reference for the construction of China’s innovation ecosystem and the transformation of the organizational model for major engineering technological innovation.
To promote engineering science and technology innovation, break through the“bottleneck”key technologies, and accelerate the transformation of scientific research achievements into practical applications, China urgently needs to strengthen the collaborative cooperation among innovative entities such as the government, enterprises, universities, and research institutions, and carry out the reform of engineering project organization models.The science and technology general contracting model proposed by the team led by Academician Tang Hongwu provides a new organizational approach to accelerate engineering science and technology innovation.From the perspective of an innovation ecosystem, this paper analyzes and applies this model.It first summarizes the three major characteristics:subject diversity, interest integration, and innovation efficiency, and then reveals the evolutionary logic from school-enterprise cooperation to industry-university-research collaborative innovation and further to an innovation ecosystem, and elaborates on the roles of various innovation entities and the operational mechanisms within the science and technology general contracting innovation ecosystem.The results of the case study on tail reach project of the Ganjiang River show that the science and technology general contracting model can effectively integrate multiple resources, improve innovation efficiency, promote engineering excellence, and achieve a virtuous cycle of engineering technology, scientific research, and talent cultivation, providing a reference for the construction of China’s innovation ecosystem and the transformation of the organizational model for major engineering technological innovation.
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2020,38(1):1-7, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.001
Abstract:
Based on the theory of virtual water trade, the status of the virtual water trade of agricultural product between China and the countries along “Belt and Road” during the period from 2007 to 2016 is analyzed. The relevant influencing factors are analyzed by using the extended gravity model. The results show that from 2007 to 2016, the virtual water volume of agricultural products trade between China and the countries along “Belt and Road” is a deficit, and the average annual net import volume is 11. 789 billion m3. Among the influencing factors for the virtual water trade of agricultural products between China and the countries along “Belt and Road”, the most significant positive driving factors are infrastructure construction, exchange rate level, entry to WTO and regional integration process, and the most important reverse ones are geographic distance and tariff level. China has the positive advantages of agricultural labor.
Based on the theory of virtual water trade, the status of the virtual water trade of agricultural product between China and the countries along “Belt and Road” during the period from 2007 to 2016 is analyzed. The relevant influencing factors are analyzed by using the extended gravity model. The results show that from 2007 to 2016, the virtual water volume of agricultural products trade between China and the countries along “Belt and Road” is a deficit, and the average annual net import volume is 11. 789 billion m3. Among the influencing factors for the virtual water trade of agricultural products between China and the countries along “Belt and Road”, the most significant positive driving factors are infrastructure construction, exchange rate level, entry to WTO and regional integration process, and the most important reverse ones are geographic distance and tariff level. China has the positive advantages of agricultural labor.
2020,38(1):14-20, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.003
Abstract:
From the demand of balance sheet compilation and asset management of water resources, the limitation of the current balance sheet compilation of water resources is discussed by regarding the regions as the subject. On this basis, according to the water administrative system in China, from the three levels of state(water conservancy project management departments, rivers and river basins), regions and enterprises, the multiple subjects of balance sheet compilation of water resources are studied. The roles of different subjects in compiling balance sheet of water resources are analyzed from the aspects of reflecting the development and management objectives of water resource assets, revealing the relationship between supply and demand of water resource assets, improving the level of water resource assets, and making decision of regional future industrial planning and development. This study is conducive to further promoting the preparation of the balance sheet of water resources, meeting the needs of improving the management level of water resource assets, improving the national economic accounting system, introducing the outgoing audit of natural resource assets of leading cadres and ecological civilization construction.
From the demand of balance sheet compilation and asset management of water resources, the limitation of the current balance sheet compilation of water resources is discussed by regarding the regions as the subject. On this basis, according to the water administrative system in China, from the three levels of state(water conservancy project management departments, rivers and river basins), regions and enterprises, the multiple subjects of balance sheet compilation of water resources are studied. The roles of different subjects in compiling balance sheet of water resources are analyzed from the aspects of reflecting the development and management objectives of water resource assets, revealing the relationship between supply and demand of water resource assets, improving the level of water resource assets, and making decision of regional future industrial planning and development. This study is conducive to further promoting the preparation of the balance sheet of water resources, meeting the needs of improving the management level of water resource assets, improving the national economic accounting system, introducing the outgoing audit of natural resource assets of leading cadres and ecological civilization construction.
2020,38(1):36-41, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.006
Abstract:
Based on the LMDI method of aggregate of the sum of polynomial multiplication and vector form, the decomposition framework of population-residential consumption-water intensity in the process of urbanization is established, and the factors influencing the water consumption from 2003 to 2016 are analyzed. The research shows that expansion and urbanization of population positively promote the growth of water consumption, and the effect of the former is stronger than that of the latter. The improvement of residents' consumption level is the absolute leading factor driving the growth of water consumption. The optimization and upgrading of residential consumption structure and the increase of residential consumption rate can effectively suppress the consumption of water resources, and the effect of the former is more significant. The decline in water consumption is mainly due to the advancement of industrial technology. The growth of households' water consumption mainly comes from the effect of water intensity of life. It is further pointed out that we should reasonably control the size and movement of population, accelerate the optimization and upgrading of residents' consumption structure, focus on strengthening the innovation of industrial technology, deepen the potential of agricultural water-saving efficiency, and enhance residential consumption rate to achieve relative water saving under the given economic scale.
Based on the LMDI method of aggregate of the sum of polynomial multiplication and vector form, the decomposition framework of population-residential consumption-water intensity in the process of urbanization is established, and the factors influencing the water consumption from 2003 to 2016 are analyzed. The research shows that expansion and urbanization of population positively promote the growth of water consumption, and the effect of the former is stronger than that of the latter. The improvement of residents' consumption level is the absolute leading factor driving the growth of water consumption. The optimization and upgrading of residential consumption structure and the increase of residential consumption rate can effectively suppress the consumption of water resources, and the effect of the former is more significant. The decline in water consumption is mainly due to the advancement of industrial technology. The growth of households' water consumption mainly comes from the effect of water intensity of life. It is further pointed out that we should reasonably control the size and movement of population, accelerate the optimization and upgrading of residents' consumption structure, focus on strengthening the innovation of industrial technology, deepen the potential of agricultural water-saving efficiency, and enhance residential consumption rate to achieve relative water saving under the given economic scale.
2020,38(1):49-53, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.008
Abstract:
By analyzing the process of agricultural water price reform in China, the stakeholders involved in the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price are divided into four categories of influencers, bearers, implementers of agricultural water price and managers of farmland water conservancy facilities based on the stakeholder theory. Their powers and interests are analyzed to clarify the intrinsic relationship among the stakeholders in the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price. It is pug forward that the influencers of agricultural water price will help to improve the bearers' cooperation by improving the reform environment. The cooperation between them will help to optimize the interests of both parties. The operational efficiency of implementers of agricultural water price and managers of farmland water conservancy has an important regulatory effect on the interests of influencers and bearers of agricultural water price, but the operational efficiency requires a certain amount of financial support. Finally, some reasonable suggestions for the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price in China are given.
By analyzing the process of agricultural water price reform in China, the stakeholders involved in the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price are divided into four categories of influencers, bearers, implementers of agricultural water price and managers of farmland water conservancy facilities based on the stakeholder theory. Their powers and interests are analyzed to clarify the intrinsic relationship among the stakeholders in the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price. It is pug forward that the influencers of agricultural water price will help to improve the bearers' cooperation by improving the reform environment. The cooperation between them will help to optimize the interests of both parties. The operational efficiency of implementers of agricultural water price and managers of farmland water conservancy has an important regulatory effect on the interests of influencers and bearers of agricultural water price, but the operational efficiency requires a certain amount of financial support. Finally, some reasonable suggestions for the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price in China are given.
2020,38(1):29-35, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.005
Abstract:
In order to explore its application benefits, an evaluation index system for the application benefit of BIM in hydraulic engineering is established from the perspectives of economy, resources and energy, technology and management on the basis of literature reading. Firstly, using the SEM idea, a questionnaire survey is used to conduct the confirmatory factor analysis of the evaluation system, and thus the index weights are obtained accordingly. Secondly, an evaluation model for the application benefits of BIM in hydraulic engineering is established by using the cloud matter-element theory. Finally, a case study of a water conservancy project in Guangxi Province is carried out. The results show that the level of application benefits of BIM is Grade 3 with good benefits. Accordingly, the relevant suggestions are put forward to promote the further development of BIM in hydraulic engineering.
In order to explore its application benefits, an evaluation index system for the application benefit of BIM in hydraulic engineering is established from the perspectives of economy, resources and energy, technology and management on the basis of literature reading. Firstly, using the SEM idea, a questionnaire survey is used to conduct the confirmatory factor analysis of the evaluation system, and thus the index weights are obtained accordingly. Secondly, an evaluation model for the application benefits of BIM in hydraulic engineering is established by using the cloud matter-element theory. Finally, a case study of a water conservancy project in Guangxi Province is carried out. The results show that the level of application benefits of BIM is Grade 3 with good benefits. Accordingly, the relevant suggestions are put forward to promote the further development of BIM in hydraulic engineering.
2020,38(1):8-13, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.002
Abstract:
Based on the provincial panel data of the mainland China from 2000 to 2015, a threshold model is established to explore the relationship among industrial structure, technological progress and industrial wastewater discharge. The results show that: The influences of characteristics of the industrial structure on the industrial wastewater discharge are restricted by the double threshold effects of the technological progress, and when the technological progress is higher than the second threshold, the increase of the industrial economic proportion is no longer dependent on a greater increase in the industrial wastewater discharge. As a threshold variable, the technological progress in different regions of China has significant differences. The technological progress in the eastern, central and western regions has a decrease trend. The other influencing factors such as population size, output level and opening degree all play significant positive roles in promoting the industrial wastewater discharge, while the technological progress inhibits the industrial wastewater discharge. On this basis, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward so as to reduce the level of regional industrial wastewater discharge and realize the goal of green development of industrial economy: improving the scientific and technological innovation system, increasing the investment in scientific and technological research and development, and constructing the compensation mechanism of trans-regional ecological technology.
Based on the provincial panel data of the mainland China from 2000 to 2015, a threshold model is established to explore the relationship among industrial structure, technological progress and industrial wastewater discharge. The results show that: The influences of characteristics of the industrial structure on the industrial wastewater discharge are restricted by the double threshold effects of the technological progress, and when the technological progress is higher than the second threshold, the increase of the industrial economic proportion is no longer dependent on a greater increase in the industrial wastewater discharge. As a threshold variable, the technological progress in different regions of China has significant differences. The technological progress in the eastern, central and western regions has a decrease trend. The other influencing factors such as population size, output level and opening degree all play significant positive roles in promoting the industrial wastewater discharge, while the technological progress inhibits the industrial wastewater discharge. On this basis, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward so as to reduce the level of regional industrial wastewater discharge and realize the goal of green development of industrial economy: improving the scientific and technological innovation system, increasing the investment in scientific and technological research and development, and constructing the compensation mechanism of trans-regional ecological technology.
2020,38(3):1-6, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.03.001
Abstract:
The remaining 30 provinces of China except Tibet are divided into three parts, east, middle and west based on the SBM model and the ML index. The static and dynamic changes of green efficiency of water resources are analyzed, and the Theil index is used to analyze the spatial distribution differences of green efficiency of utilization of water resources among various provinces. The results show that: (1)The green efficiency of utilization of water resources in China varies from province to province, indicating a slow rising trend. The green efficiency of utilization of water resources in different regions shows a pattern of in the east>middle>west. (2)The technological progress index is the main factor affecting the efficiency of water resource. (3)The difference in green efficiency of utilization of water resources among various regions is much higher than that within the regions, and the eastern part has the largest contribution rate.
The remaining 30 provinces of China except Tibet are divided into three parts, east, middle and west based on the SBM model and the ML index. The static and dynamic changes of green efficiency of water resources are analyzed, and the Theil index is used to analyze the spatial distribution differences of green efficiency of utilization of water resources among various provinces. The results show that: (1)The green efficiency of utilization of water resources in China varies from province to province, indicating a slow rising trend. The green efficiency of utilization of water resources in different regions shows a pattern of in the east>middle>west. (2)The technological progress index is the main factor affecting the efficiency of water resource. (3)The difference in green efficiency of utilization of water resources among various regions is much higher than that within the regions, and the eastern part has the largest contribution rate.
2020,38(1):54-60, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.009
Abstract:
Based on the SBM-DEA model with effective efficiency frontier(optimistic)and inefficiency frontier(pessimistic), the agricultural water use efficiency of China's 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2003 to 2017 is evaluated, and the Tobit model is used to analyze its influencing factors. The results show that the optimistic efficiency of China's agricultural water use has a small increase trend, and the pessimistic efficiency exhibits a decrease-increase-decrease-increase trend. The overall efficiency is not high. The difference in water use efficiency between different agricultural water zones is small. The high agricultural water use area has the highest agricultural water use efficiency, the middle agricultural water use area has the middle agricultural water use efficiency, and the low agricultural water use area has the lowest agricultural water use efficiency. The proportion of the value added of the primary industry in the regional GDP, the water-saving irrigation technology and the total storage capacity of reservoirs significantly positively correlate with the agricultural water use efficiency. While the endowment of water resources and regional education level significantly negatively correlate with the agricultural water use efficiency.
Based on the SBM-DEA model with effective efficiency frontier(optimistic)and inefficiency frontier(pessimistic), the agricultural water use efficiency of China's 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2003 to 2017 is evaluated, and the Tobit model is used to analyze its influencing factors. The results show that the optimistic efficiency of China's agricultural water use has a small increase trend, and the pessimistic efficiency exhibits a decrease-increase-decrease-increase trend. The overall efficiency is not high. The difference in water use efficiency between different agricultural water zones is small. The high agricultural water use area has the highest agricultural water use efficiency, the middle agricultural water use area has the middle agricultural water use efficiency, and the low agricultural water use area has the lowest agricultural water use efficiency. The proportion of the value added of the primary industry in the regional GDP, the water-saving irrigation technology and the total storage capacity of reservoirs significantly positively correlate with the agricultural water use efficiency. While the endowment of water resources and regional education level significantly negatively correlate with the agricultural water use efficiency.
2020,38(2):1-6, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.02.001
Abstract:
The construction and management of national water parks is an important part of realizing water ecological civilization and beautiful China. The protection of national water parks requires an assessment of their non-market economic values(use values and non-use values). Based on the single-bound and double-bound dichotomous contingent valuation method techniques, the use values and non-use values of Yimenghu National Water Park are quantitatively evaluated. Four econometric models containing logistic, log-logistic, normal and log-normal are applied through questionnaire data. The results showed that: (1)The Yimenghu National Water Park is of high use values and non-use values. (2)The evaluated results of log-logistic and log-normal econometric models are more reliable in the double-bound dichotomous CVM technique. (3)The respondents are willing to participate in protection in the form of donations to non-profit organizations. The assessment achievements are helpful for the cost-benefit analysis of the protection and sustainable management policies of water parks.
The construction and management of national water parks is an important part of realizing water ecological civilization and beautiful China. The protection of national water parks requires an assessment of their non-market economic values(use values and non-use values). Based on the single-bound and double-bound dichotomous contingent valuation method techniques, the use values and non-use values of Yimenghu National Water Park are quantitatively evaluated. Four econometric models containing logistic, log-logistic, normal and log-normal are applied through questionnaire data. The results showed that: (1)The Yimenghu National Water Park is of high use values and non-use values. (2)The evaluated results of log-logistic and log-normal econometric models are more reliable in the double-bound dichotomous CVM technique. (3)The respondents are willing to participate in protection in the form of donations to non-profit organizations. The assessment achievements are helpful for the cost-benefit analysis of the protection and sustainable management policies of water parks.
2021,39(1):1-5, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2021.01.001
Abstract:
Based on the mechanism of environmental regulation on the transformation of manufacturing industry under the innovation-driven background, the intermediary effect of innovation on the relationship between environmental regulation and manufacturing industry transformation is empirically studied using the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2005 to 2016. The results show that the effect of environmental regulation on the transformation of manufacturing industry has a double threshold effect under the innovation-driven background. In different ranges of innovation-driven background, the effect of environmental regulation on transformation of manufacturing industry has different directions and degrees. Therefore, attention should be paid to the synergy of innovation-driven background and environmental regulation, and the environmental regulation policies should be formulated according to local conditions. Simultaneously, the following measures should be taken to realize the transformation of manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt: rational allocation of fixed assets, increase of investment in education, guidance for the direction of financial expenditure, strict examination of the threshold of foreign investment access, and introduction of advanced technology.
Based on the mechanism of environmental regulation on the transformation of manufacturing industry under the innovation-driven background, the intermediary effect of innovation on the relationship between environmental regulation and manufacturing industry transformation is empirically studied using the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2005 to 2016. The results show that the effect of environmental regulation on the transformation of manufacturing industry has a double threshold effect under the innovation-driven background. In different ranges of innovation-driven background, the effect of environmental regulation on transformation of manufacturing industry has different directions and degrees. Therefore, attention should be paid to the synergy of innovation-driven background and environmental regulation, and the environmental regulation policies should be formulated according to local conditions. Simultaneously, the following measures should be taken to realize the transformation of manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt: rational allocation of fixed assets, increase of investment in education, guidance for the direction of financial expenditure, strict examination of the threshold of foreign investment access, and introduction of advanced technology.
2020,38(1):21-28, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.004
Abstract:
The water resources are the important natural resources to maintain human life and social development. The balance sheet of water resources is an important component of the balance sheet of the natural resources. The compilation of the balance sheet of water resources is conducive to timely grasping the dynamic change of occupancy, use, consumption, recovery and value-added of water resource assets in economic and social development. A framework for accounting the balance sheet of water resources is established based on the concepts of assets and liabilities of water resources. It is of great significance to the compilation of balance sheet of water resources in a watershed.
The water resources are the important natural resources to maintain human life and social development. The balance sheet of water resources is an important component of the balance sheet of the natural resources. The compilation of the balance sheet of water resources is conducive to timely grasping the dynamic change of occupancy, use, consumption, recovery and value-added of water resource assets in economic and social development. A framework for accounting the balance sheet of water resources is established based on the concepts of assets and liabilities of water resources. It is of great significance to the compilation of balance sheet of water resources in a watershed.
2020,38(1):42-48, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.007
Abstract:
Based on the establishment of trans-logarithmic production function of agriculture which includes investment in farmland water conservancy, the stochastic frontier approach is used to calculate the total factor productivity of agriculture in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)of China from 1996 to 2015. The spatial characteristics of the total factor productivity of agriculture and the influences of investment in farmland water conservancy are analyzed. The results show that the growth of the total factor productivity in China generally has an increasing trend. The horizontal and vertical analyses shows that the growth has regional property and regional agglomeration. The influences of investment in farmland water conservancy infrastructure on the total factor productivity of agriculture are positive, and they have weak spillover effect. Among them, the direct, indirect and total effects are 0. 2865, 0. 0574 and 0. 3439, respectively.
Based on the establishment of trans-logarithmic production function of agriculture which includes investment in farmland water conservancy, the stochastic frontier approach is used to calculate the total factor productivity of agriculture in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)of China from 1996 to 2015. The spatial characteristics of the total factor productivity of agriculture and the influences of investment in farmland water conservancy are analyzed. The results show that the growth of the total factor productivity in China generally has an increasing trend. The horizontal and vertical analyses shows that the growth has regional property and regional agglomeration. The influences of investment in farmland water conservancy infrastructure on the total factor productivity of agriculture are positive, and they have weak spillover effect. Among them, the direct, indirect and total effects are 0. 2865, 0. 0574 and 0. 3439, respectively.
2020,38(1):61-67, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.01.010
Abstract:
Taking Suzhou City and Suqian City as examples, the dynamic changes and obstacles of the carrying capacity of the transfer and receiving regions of water environment during the industrial transfer process are discussed based on the TOPSIS method of Vague sets so as to provide theoretical guidance. The study shows that with the advancement of industrial transfer, the carrying capacities of water environment in Suzhou City and Suqian City have an increasing trend and have achieved a win-win relationship. Although the overall carrying capacity of water environment in Suzhou Sity is higher than that of Suqian City, the increase rate is significantly smaller. In terms of the obstacles, the main obstacles in Suzhou City are concentrated in the resource subsystem and environmental subsystem, while those in Suqian City are concentrated in the economic subsystem and resource subsystem, which need to be optimized and improved.
Taking Suzhou City and Suqian City as examples, the dynamic changes and obstacles of the carrying capacity of the transfer and receiving regions of water environment during the industrial transfer process are discussed based on the TOPSIS method of Vague sets so as to provide theoretical guidance. The study shows that with the advancement of industrial transfer, the carrying capacities of water environment in Suzhou City and Suqian City have an increasing trend and have achieved a win-win relationship. Although the overall carrying capacity of water environment in Suzhou Sity is higher than that of Suqian City, the increase rate is significantly smaller. In terms of the obstacles, the main obstacles in Suzhou City are concentrated in the resource subsystem and environmental subsystem, while those in Suqian City are concentrated in the economic subsystem and resource subsystem, which need to be optimized and improved.
2020,38(4):1-7, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2020.04.001
Abstract:
In the background of the protection of Yangtze River, realizing high-efficient development of green ecology should be taken as part of the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Therefore, focusing on the evaluation and improvement of hydropower energy efficiency in Yangtze River and comprehensively considering social, economic and environmental factors, an input-output index system is established. Based on the hydropower-related panel data of the various provinces along Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017, the DEA method is used to evaluate the hydropower energy efficiency of each region. The results show that the hydropower energy efficiency of Yangtze River Economic Belt is at high level as a whole, and Jiangsu Province and Hubei Province are the “benchmarking” regions. The index efficient score of the urban agglomeration in the middle and upper reaches of Yangtze River is generally high. Different provinces have different energy efficiency improvement directions, that is, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province should reduce the investment in human capital, while Anhui Province and Jiangxi Province should increase the equipment utilization hours of the installed hydropower, and Chongqing Municipality and Guizhou Province firstly should develop local economy with high quality and improve the rate of return of the fixed asset investment. Some suggestions are put forward: development of hydropower with high quality, rigid constraint of water resources, establishment of green hydropower certification system, improvement of investment subsidy system, optimization of the balance between supply and demand, and training of high-level talents.
In the background of the protection of Yangtze River, realizing high-efficient development of green ecology should be taken as part of the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Therefore, focusing on the evaluation and improvement of hydropower energy efficiency in Yangtze River and comprehensively considering social, economic and environmental factors, an input-output index system is established. Based on the hydropower-related panel data of the various provinces along Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017, the DEA method is used to evaluate the hydropower energy efficiency of each region. The results show that the hydropower energy efficiency of Yangtze River Economic Belt is at high level as a whole, and Jiangsu Province and Hubei Province are the “benchmarking” regions. The index efficient score of the urban agglomeration in the middle and upper reaches of Yangtze River is generally high. Different provinces have different energy efficiency improvement directions, that is, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province should reduce the investment in human capital, while Anhui Province and Jiangxi Province should increase the equipment utilization hours of the installed hydropower, and Chongqing Municipality and Guizhou Province firstly should develop local economy with high quality and improve the rate of return of the fixed asset investment. Some suggestions are put forward: development of hydropower with high quality, rigid constraint of water resources, establishment of green hydropower certification system, improvement of investment subsidy system, optimization of the balance between supply and demand, and training of high-level talents.
2019,37(1):1-6, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2019.01.001
Abstract:
The fairness of water utilization in Hubei Province is analyzed from the three aspects of water resource endowment, water for production and domestic water. The Gini coefficients of total water consumption-water resource quantity, production water consumption-GDP, and domestic water consumption-population in Hubei Province in the spatial and temporal dimension are calculated. The results show that the total water consumption and water resource quantity of various cities in Hubei Province are very unevenly distributed, while the changes in the same area during 2006—2016 are uneven only in Xiaogan City and Suizhou City. During the 11 years of the research period, the fairness of water for production remains stable in the range of “relatively reasonable”, while in Wuhan City and Xiantao City with higher water efficiency, it is uneven. Therefore, to improve the water efficiency in the other regions is the best way to improve the fairness of water for production. The domestic water has reached the absolute fairness in both spatial and temporal dimensions.
The fairness of water utilization in Hubei Province is analyzed from the three aspects of water resource endowment, water for production and domestic water. The Gini coefficients of total water consumption-water resource quantity, production water consumption-GDP, and domestic water consumption-population in Hubei Province in the spatial and temporal dimension are calculated. The results show that the total water consumption and water resource quantity of various cities in Hubei Province are very unevenly distributed, while the changes in the same area during 2006—2016 are uneven only in Xiaogan City and Suizhou City. During the 11 years of the research period, the fairness of water for production remains stable in the range of “relatively reasonable”, while in Wuhan City and Xiantao City with higher water efficiency, it is uneven. Therefore, to improve the water efficiency in the other regions is the best way to improve the fairness of water for production. The domestic water has reached the absolute fairness in both spatial and temporal dimensions.
2019,37(3):1-7, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2019.03.001
Abstract:
Based on the dynamic panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2001 to 2016, the deepening level of financial capital is measured from the scale and structure of capital supply. The quality of economic development is measured by using the five dimensions of effectiveness, stability, coordination, sustainability and sharing of economic growth. The influences of deepening the financial capital on the quality of economic growth are investigated by means of the estimation method of system GMM model. The results show that the current scale of capital supply has inhibitory effects on the quality of economic growth. The deepening of bank capital and insurance capital has positive effects on the quality of economic growth. The deepening of security capital has no significant effects on the quality of economic growth. There are regional differences in the effects of deepening financial capital on the quality of economic growth.
Based on the dynamic panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2001 to 2016, the deepening level of financial capital is measured from the scale and structure of capital supply. The quality of economic development is measured by using the five dimensions of effectiveness, stability, coordination, sustainability and sharing of economic growth. The influences of deepening the financial capital on the quality of economic growth are investigated by means of the estimation method of system GMM model. The results show that the current scale of capital supply has inhibitory effects on the quality of economic growth. The deepening of bank capital and insurance capital has positive effects on the quality of economic growth. The deepening of security capital has no significant effects on the quality of economic growth. There are regional differences in the effects of deepening financial capital on the quality of economic growth.
2021,39(1):6-14, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2021.01.002
Abstract:
Based on the panel data of 9 provinces and 2 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017, the decoupling-PVAR two-stage model is used to analyze the evolution trend and impact mechanism of the relationship among new urbanization, upgradation of industrial structure and water pollution. This study shows that: The relationship among water pollution, new urbanization, and industrial structure exhibits the evolutionary trend of “expansion negative decoupling-strong decoupling”, indicating that the urbanization and industrialization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt have experienced “pollution first, then governance” at this stage, but ultimately achieved the dual goals of economic development and water pollution improvement. The results of impulse response and variance decomposition indicate that the water pollution control effect of new urbanization at this stage is not obvious, there is a clear negative relationship between water pollution and upgradation of industrial structure, and the former has a stronger explanatory effect on the latter. The variances of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are decomposed, respectively, and it is found that there are obvious regional differences in the degree of mutual influences between the variables. The prevention and control policies for water pollution should be formulated according to specific situations.
Based on the panel data of 9 provinces and 2 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2017, the decoupling-PVAR two-stage model is used to analyze the evolution trend and impact mechanism of the relationship among new urbanization, upgradation of industrial structure and water pollution. This study shows that: The relationship among water pollution, new urbanization, and industrial structure exhibits the evolutionary trend of “expansion negative decoupling-strong decoupling”, indicating that the urbanization and industrialization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt have experienced “pollution first, then governance” at this stage, but ultimately achieved the dual goals of economic development and water pollution improvement. The results of impulse response and variance decomposition indicate that the water pollution control effect of new urbanization at this stage is not obvious, there is a clear negative relationship between water pollution and upgradation of industrial structure, and the former has a stronger explanatory effect on the latter. The variances of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are decomposed, respectively, and it is found that there are obvious regional differences in the degree of mutual influences between the variables. The prevention and control policies for water pollution should be formulated according to specific situations.
2019,37(2):1-7, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2019.02.001
Abstract:
The degrees of human-water harmony in 31 provinces of China from 2007 to 2016 are evaluated, and the DEA model is used to calculate the total factor utilization efficiency of water resources. The Tobit model is employed to investigate the effect of utilization efficiency of water resources on human-water harmony. The empirical results show that in recent years, the degrees of human-water harmony and the utilization efficiency of water resources in China have an increasing trend. Both the intensity control policy and the total control policy have effectively improved the degrees of human-water harmony in China, and the combined intensity-total control policy has a better efficiency. The improvement of utilization efficiency of water resources promotes the degrees of human-water harmony in the central and western regions, but not in the eastern regions. This is due to the differences in the development level, technological progress and natural environment between the eastern and central and western regions. Finally, the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward.
The degrees of human-water harmony in 31 provinces of China from 2007 to 2016 are evaluated, and the DEA model is used to calculate the total factor utilization efficiency of water resources. The Tobit model is employed to investigate the effect of utilization efficiency of water resources on human-water harmony. The empirical results show that in recent years, the degrees of human-water harmony and the utilization efficiency of water resources in China have an increasing trend. Both the intensity control policy and the total control policy have effectively improved the degrees of human-water harmony in China, and the combined intensity-total control policy has a better efficiency. The improvement of utilization efficiency of water resources promotes the degrees of human-water harmony in the central and western regions, but not in the eastern regions. This is due to the differences in the development level, technological progress and natural environment between the eastern and central and western regions. Finally, the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward.
2017,35(6):33-37, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2017.06.007
Abstract:
The PPP water conservancy project is of long project cycle, large investment and high risk characteristics. Based on the idea of fuzzy mathematics, the evaluation model for option of PPP water conservancy projects is established under fuzzy condition, and the fuzzy option value of projects under staged construction and the change of the whole project value under fuzzy decision-making condition are quantitatively evaluated. Combined with case analysis, the key influence factors of the fuzzy option value are found, and it is emphasized that the implementation of PPP water conservancy projects should focus on the management of cash flow value. The results will help the government and social capital to fully understand the project value, and actively participate in the implementation of projects and reasonably response to potential uncertain factors.
The PPP water conservancy project is of long project cycle, large investment and high risk characteristics. Based on the idea of fuzzy mathematics, the evaluation model for option of PPP water conservancy projects is established under fuzzy condition, and the fuzzy option value of projects under staged construction and the change of the whole project value under fuzzy decision-making condition are quantitatively evaluated. Combined with case analysis, the key influence factors of the fuzzy option value are found, and it is emphasized that the implementation of PPP water conservancy projects should focus on the management of cash flow value. The results will help the government and social capital to fully understand the project value, and actively participate in the implementation of projects and reasonably response to potential uncertain factors.
2019,37(1):7-12, DOI: 10.3880/j.issn.1003-9511.2019.01.002
Abstract:
According to the input-output tables of Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai area in 2002, 2007 and 2012, using the social network analysis its industrial linkage network is formulated from the perspective of water resource input-output. The relevant indices such as characteristic path length, clustering coefficient, centrality and cohesive subgroup are calculated, and the industrial linkages in the total Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai area and various provinces and city are compared and analyzed. The results show that there is a small-world property and high network density with close industrial linkage. The chemical industry representing the industrial sector is of outstanding centrality and is the central industry in the area, and the status of service sector has increased, but the disproportion is even more prominent. Now eight cohesive subgroups are formed, and the linkage between their industrial sectors, which indicates the trend of development is clustering. Some suggestions are put forward in order to promote the balanced and sustainable development under water resource constraints, such as saving and using water intensively on central industry, improving the utilization of water resources, formulating different policies on water resources and promoting industry integration.
According to the input-output tables of Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai area in 2002, 2007 and 2012, using the social network analysis its industrial linkage network is formulated from the perspective of water resource input-output. The relevant indices such as characteristic path length, clustering coefficient, centrality and cohesive subgroup are calculated, and the industrial linkages in the total Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai area and various provinces and city are compared and analyzed. The results show that there is a small-world property and high network density with close industrial linkage. The chemical industry representing the industrial sector is of outstanding centrality and is the central industry in the area, and the status of service sector has increased, but the disproportion is even more prominent. Now eight cohesive subgroups are formed, and the linkage between their industrial sectors, which indicates the trend of development is clustering. Some suggestions are put forward in order to promote the balanced and sustainable development under water resource constraints, such as saving and using water intensively on central industry, improving the utilization of water resources, formulating different policies on water resources and promoting industry integration.
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