拆坝对河流生态环境影响利弊研究综述

doi:10.3880/j.issn.1006-7647.2022.04.016

首页 > 过刊浏览>2022年第42卷第4期 >94-102. DOI:10.3880/j.issn.1006-7647.2022.04.016

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拆坝对河流生态环境影响利弊研究综述

DOI:

10.3880/j.issn.1006-7647.2022.04.016

作者:

雷阳 ^{^1,2}
雷阳
中国水利水电科学研究院流域循环模拟与调控家重点实验室,北京100038;中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100038
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董飞 ^{^1,2}
董飞
中国水利水电科学研究院流域循环模拟与调控家重点实验室,北京100038;中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100038
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刘晓波 ^{^1,2}
刘晓波
中国水利水电科学研究院流域循环模拟与调控家重点实验室,北京100038;中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100038
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彭文启 ^{^1,2}
彭文启
中国水利水电科学研究院流域循环模拟与调控家重点实验室,北京100038;中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100038
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陈渠昌 ^{^1,2}
陈渠昌
中国水利水电科学研究院流域循环模拟与调控家重点实验室,北京100038;中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100038
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作者单位:

(1.中国水利水电科学研究院流域循环模拟与调控家重点实验室,北京100038;2.中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100038)

作者简介:

雷阳(1991—),女,博士研究生,主要从事水环境数值模拟研究。E-mail:leiyanghehai@163.com

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

TV64;X522

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0407702);国家自然科学基金(51809288);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研项目(WE0145B592017)

Review on influence of dam removal on advantages and disadvantages of river ecological environment

Author:

LEI Yang ^{^1,2}
LEI Yang
State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038, China;Institute of Water Ecology and Environment,China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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DONG Fei ^{^1,2}
DONG Fei
State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038, China;Institute of Water Ecology and Environment,China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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LIU Xiaobo ^{^1,2}
LIU Xiaobo
State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038, China;Institute of Water Ecology and Environment,China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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PENG Wenqi ^{^1,2}
PENG Wenqi
State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038, China;Institute of Water Ecology and Environment,China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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CHEN Quchang ^{^1,2}
CHEN Quchang
State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038, China;Institute of Water Ecology and Environment,China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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Affiliation:

(1.State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038, China;2.Institute of Water Ecology and Environment,China Institute Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China)

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摘要:

为研究拆坝对生态环境影响的利弊,介绍了拆坝对水文情势、泥沙输运、河道地貌、河道水质、栖息地质量及生物多样性等生态的影响,综述了拆坝后河道物理化学及重要生态特性之间响应关系的研究进展。拆坝对生态环境的影响具有时空复杂性,且各生态因子相互影响；水文情势的变化是所有生态响应的触发条件,泥沙输运是生态响应的关键性因子。为了河道长期连续性的开发与利用,研究泥沙输运及泥沙污染物的释放规律,预测拆坝后河道水质时空变化过程,分析流域尺度上生态系统之间的响应关系等对拆坝的评估决策十分重要。

关键词:拆坝;生态影响;泥沙输运;河道地貌;河流水质;生物多样性

Abstract:

To study the influence of dam removal on river ecological environment, the impacts of dam removal on hydrological regime, sediment transport, fluvial geomorphology, river water quality, habitat quality and biodiversity were introduced. Progress on the response relationship among river physical chemical characteristics and important ecological characteristics was summarized.The impact of dam removal on ecological environment has spatiotemporal complexity and each ecological factor influences each other. Hydrological regime change is the trigger of all ecological responses and sediment transport is found to be the key factor affecting the ecological environment. Considering the long-term continuous development and utilization of rivers, the study of sediment transport and release of sediment pollutants, the prediction of the spatiotemporal variation of river water quality after dam removal, and the analysis of the response relationship between ecosystems at the watershed scale are important in the evaluation and decision-making of dam removal.

Key words:dam removal; ecological impact; sediment transport; fluvial geomorphology; river water quality; biodiversity

引用本文

雷阳,董飞,刘晓波,等.拆坝对河流生态环境影响利弊研究综述[J].水利水电科技进展,2022,42(4):94-102.(LEI Yang, DONG Fei, LIU Xiaobo, et al. Review on influence of dam removal on advantages and disadvantages of river ecological environment[J]. Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2022,42(4):94-102.(in Chinese))

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收稿日期:2021-05-14
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在线发布日期: 2022-07-07
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