To analyze the effects of ecotypic stabilizer on soil reinforcement of plant roots, direct shear tests were conducted on the root-ecotypic stabilizer-clay complex, and the shear strength parameters, shear modulus and total deformation energy of the complex under different root numbers and different ecotypic stabilizer contents were studied. Combined with the shear displacement generated by the samples, the shear characteristics and reinforcement mechanism of vegetation soil reinforcement were explored. The results show that the shear strength is increased by plant roots. When the content of the ecotypic stabilizer is greater than 1%, its influence on the complex deformation resistance is more obvious. The ecotype stabilizer forms a network structure in soil, which can promote the formation of cohesive soil aggregation, enhance the cohesion, and interact with the plant roots to improve the shear strength of the soil.