To further improve the accuracy of obtaining material parameters for concrete arch dams, a material parameter inversion model based on multi-output support vector regression (MSVR) and sparrow search algorithm (SSA) was constructed. To quickly simulate the nonlinear relationship between radial displacement of dam body and material parameters, a high-precision MSVR model was established instead of the finite element model calculation, and SSA was used to optimize and invert the required parameters.The verification results of engineering examples show that the constructed inversion model has high calculation accuracy and fast calculation speed, which can quickly invert the material parameters of the dam body and dam foundation, and can be used for the inversion analysis of material parameters in actual engineering.