An evaluation method of structural connectivity for rivers and lakes in a basin or an area is provided based on the theory of fractal geometry. This study used the simple fractal model to check and evaluate the structural connectivity of rivers and lakes in the main district of Changzhou City by calculating river and lake coverage, fractal dimension and branching dimension. The results are compared with those from the West Taihu Basin. The results show that the fractal dimension and river and lake coverage in the main district of Changzhou City are greater than in West Taihu Basin, while the branching dimension is 1. 50 in both basins, which means that the structural connectivity of rivers and lakes in the main district of Changzhou City is greater than in West Taihu Basin. Both of the basins are at the mature stage of erosion development.