Advances in research of mechanisms of tailings dam failure-induced disasters, mechanical properties of tailings and hyperconcentrated flow after dam failures, the range of influence of tailings dam failures, and measures of early-warning and disaster prevention are summarized and analyzed. On the whole, studies on tailings dam failures have made some progress, and certain experiences have been obtained. However, further in-depth and systematic studies are required in many areas. At present, research on tailings is mainly performed on specific projects, in contrast to research on the conventional soil material. Systematic study on mechanical properties of tailings helps to enhance the level of safety evaluation of tailings dams. Physical model tests and the numerical simulation method are the main means to predict the range of influence of tailings dam failures. Some key problems for further research of tailings dam failures and disaster control are pointed out, i. e. , seeking breakthroughs with new testing technology, properties of tailings and hyperconcentrated flow after dam failures, and dam construction methods.