环境流量研究的前沿问题与挑战
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X37

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政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2016YFE0102400);中国博士后科学基金(2016M592404)


Frontiers and challenges of environmental flow research
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    摘要:

    为了应对水文、气候和生态系统变化背景下环境流量研究的新挑战,梳理了国内外环境流量研究成果,指出目前环境流量研究主要存在5个方面的不足,也是该研究目前的前沿问题与挑战:(1)全球环境变化与非稳定性;(2)生态水文过程的动态模拟,重点是水文情势静态评价向动态特征评价研究的转变;(3)生态水文关系的时空特性,重点是生态系统状态、过程变量和物种特征的耦合研究,环境流量的生态特征和时空尺度研究;(4)环境流量评估的关键指标;(5)环境流量预测的生态学延展。为解决这些问题,提出了人类世背景下环境流量研究的发展方向,认为未来环境流量研究应加强生态目标的动态适应性管理,加强局域到区域的生态学基础研究,完善基于过程的生态水文响应机理,强化环境流量分阶段实施的非水文指标耦合,加强适应性管理方式下的环境流量评估和实践,以保障适应性管理框架下的生态完整性。

    Abstract:

    To cope with the new challenges of environmental flow research under hydrology, climate and ecosystem changes, research results from both China and abroad have been summarized. Five aspects of shortcomings in the current environmental flow research are pointed out, which also belong to frontier problems and challenges, including(1)Global environmental change and instability; (2)Dynamic simulation of eco-hydrological process in which the transition of hydrological regime from static evaluation to dynamic characteristic evaluation is the key; (3)Characteristics of eco-hydrological relationship in which the coupling research of ecosystem state, process variables and species characteristics, and the research of ecological characteristics, spatial and temporal scales of environmental flows are the key points; (4)Key indicators in environmental flow evaluation; (5)Ecology extension of environmental flow forecasting. To solve these problems, research directions of environmental flows in the background of the Anthropocene are proposed. Dynamic adaptive management of ecological objectives and basic research of ecology from local to reginal areas should be strengthened. Mechanisms of eco-hydrological response based on process should be completed and phased implementation of non-hydrological indicator coupling should be intensified. Evaluation and application of environmental flows under adaptive management should be strengthened to guarantee ecological integrity.

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引用本文

陈昂.环境流量研究的前沿问题与挑战[J].水利水电科技进展,2019,39(2):1-6.(CHEN Ang. Frontiers and challenges of environmental flow research[J]. Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2019,39(2):1-6.(in Chinese))

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-03-21
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