Based on OpenFOAM, the dynamic behavior of the cavitation bubble near the defective wall surface was investigated using a compressible cavitation bubble dynamics model for two-phase flow. The results demonstrate that the depth and shape of defects significantly affect the dynamics of the cavitation bubble. Compared with rectangular defects, wedge-shaped defects are more likely to concentrate energy when the cavitation bubble collapses, which results in more intense collapse and higher peak wall pressure. With the increase in defect depth, the peak wall pressure caused by the first collapse of the cavitation bubble initially decreases and then remains almost unchanged, while the pressure peak caused by the second collapse of the cavitation bubble continues to decrease.