In view of some controversies existing in the slope protection material and its application technology in the rural river regulation, from the aspects of river ecological restoration and slope protection function, the author of this paper thought that the river slope protection consisted of 3 basic factors such as slope toe, bank, and slope of bank, and probed the concept and connotation of ecological construction of slope protection, and summarized and analyzed the type, using method and application range of slope protection material which were relatively advanced both at home and abroad at present, and put forward a method of constructing ecological function of slope protection by using composite materials. The ecological construction of river slope protection was applied in rural river engineering in different regions. The application results show that the ecological construction of river slope protection is an optimization combination and an application of different slope protection material, which can provide theory and practice references for the comprehensive treatment of rural river.