Considering the characteristics of ecosystem and distribution of water resource, Hexi Corridor Region can be divided into four ecological regions, including Qilian Mountain headwater region, Hexi Corridor oasis region, tail-end-lake & wetland and Hexi Corridor desert region. Using RS and GIS technology, taking the years 1949, 1975, 2000 and 2010 as the evaluation points, We tracking evaluated the structure, composition and ecological indicators of the four different ecological regions and analyzed the main characters of the changes of ecological patterns in Hexi Corridor. We concluded that the changes of ecological patterns in Hexi Corridor are taking place with utilization of water resource as its thread and rivers as its bounds. The water resource is re-distributed among artificial oasis and natural oasis, as well as the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river basin. Changing relationship among artificial oasis, dessert and natural oasis is formed, which determines the direction and process of the changes of ecological patterns.