Abstract:The phytoplankton community and water environmental factors in three lakes(Gaoyou Lake, Shaobo Lake and Baoying Lake)in Yangzhou City were monitored since May 2013 till May 2014. The relationship between the variations of phytoplankton and environmental factors was analyzed using the correlation coefficient method and canonical correspondence analysis(CCA). The results show that the phytoplankton community was dominated by Chlorophyta and Diotom in three lakes; temporal variability of phytoplankton species composition and Temporal variation in abundance of phytoplankton community were similar in the three lakes; water temperature, nitrogen and phosphorus were the main environmental factors influencing the phytoplankton abundance in the three lakes; according to the CCA, the main environmental factors which influence the distribution of the phytoplankton community are water temperature and total nitrogen in Gaoyou Lake, pH, NH+4-N and total phosphorus in Shaobo Lake, potassium permanganate index, NH+4-N and total phosphorus in Baoying Lake.