Based on the water environment and development status of social and economic of Xi’an in the year of 2000 and 2011, frequency analysis and principal component analysis(PCA)are used to establish the water environment and development of social and economic indicator system of Xi’an. With the help of water environment and development of social and economic coordination model, quantitative analysis is conducted on the coordination level of water environment and development of social and economic of Xi’an in the recent 12 years. The result shows that: during the years of 2000—2005, environmental devices of Xi’an were still under construction, making water environment trend of Xi’an increasing with fluctuation, whose development level was lower than the social and economic development level; during the years of 2006—2011, water environment and social and economic development increased synchronously due to “optimizing the city with environment” executed during the eleventh-five-year. Some policies focusing on the improvement of human settlement and ecological environment were emphasized and carried out to build an energy-saving and environment-friendly society. The overall benefit growth rate of water environment in the years of 2006—2011 was higher than that in the years of 2000—2005. In general, water environment and social and economic development of Xi’an in the years of 2000—2011 increased harmoniously, while water environment development turning out to be slower compared to social and economic development. With the constant social and economic development in Xi’an and increasing population, water environment quality in Xi’an still faces huge challenge. Protection of water environment and prevention of water pollution should still be focused on.