Based on the data from sample survey of residential water consumption in Beijing, the water consumption behavior of the citizens and impacts of water using consciousness on the volume of residential water use are analyzed. The results indicate that: residential water consumption behavior, water facilities, and personal water saving consciousness have great impact on the volume of water use. Promoting water saving facilities, improving water saving propagandas and cultivating citizens water saving consciousness to change their water consumption behavior will reduce the volume of water use, and relieve the pressure of water shortage in Beijing.